The National Multidimensional Poverty Index 2021 (MPI) was released by which of the following?
NITl Aayog
Understanding the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) 2021
The question asks about the specific organization responsible for releasing the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) in India for the year 2021. The National MPI is a significant report that measures poverty across multiple dimensions, not just income.
Body Responsible for National MPI Release 2021
In India, the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is based on the methodology developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). For the National MPI, the responsibility for calculation, analysis, and release falls under the purview of the government's policy think tank.
For the year 2021, the National Multidimensional Poverty Index report was released by:
- NITl Aayog
NITl Aayog is the premier policy 'Think Tank' of the Government of India, and it has been entrusted with the task of monitoring and evaluating the progress of various development indicators for the country, including poverty measurements.
Analyzing the Options
Let's look at why the other options are not correct:
- Ministry of Finance: While the Ministry of Finance deals with economic matters, the specific task of computing and releasing the National MPI is not under its direct mandate.
- World Bank: The World Bank releases global poverty data and reports, including global MPI based on international methodologies, but the National MPI for India, specific to Indian conditions and data sources, is an initiative led by the Indian government.
- Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment: This ministry works towards the welfare and empowerment of disadvantaged sections, but the overall statistical measurement and release of the comprehensive National MPI is handled by NITl Aayog.
Conclusion on National MPI 2021 Release
Based on the official reports and mandates, NITl Aayog was the body responsible for releasing the National Multidimensional Poverty Index report for 2021.
The correct option is NITl Aayog.
Revision Table: Key Points on National MPI
| Aspect | Description |
|---|---|
| Index Name | National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) |
| Year of Release Mentioned | 2021 |
| Responsible Body (2021) | NITl Aayog |
| Methodology Basis | OPHI and UNDP global MPI framework, adapted for India |
| Purpose | Measures deprivation across health, education, and standard of living |
Additional Information: Understanding National MPI and NITl Aayog
The National MPI provides a more comprehensive picture of poverty compared to just using income or consumption expenditure data. It considers multiple dimensions of deprivation faced by households. The three main dimensions typically included are:
- Health: Measured by indicators like Nutrition and Child & Adolescent Mortality.
- Education: Measured by indicators like Years of Schooling and School Attendance.
- Standard of Living: Measured by indicators like Cooking Fuel, Sanitation, Drinking Water, Electricity, Housing, Assets, and Bank Accounts.
A person is identified as multidimensionally poor if they are deprived in a third or more of the weighted indicators. NITl Aayog uses data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) for its calculations of the National MPI.
NITl Aayog plays a crucial role in designing strategic and long-term policies and programmes for the Government of India. Its work on indices like the MPI helps in identifying areas that need focused policy intervention and track progress over time.
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