The Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope consists of
multiple parabolic antennas
The correct answer is multiple parabolic antennas.
Key Points
- The GMRT is an array of thirty fully steerable gigantic parabolic dishes of 45 meters in diameter.
- These antennas are spread over distances of up to 25 kilometers and function together as a single large telescope.
- It utilizes radio frequencies in the range of 50 MHz to 1.5 GHz, making it one of the most versatile radio observatories.
- The GMRT is located near Pune, India, and is operated by the National Centre for Radio Astrophysics.
- It is one of the world's most powerful radio observatories for investigating various astronomical phenomena such as pulsars, quasars, supernovae, and galaxies.
- Despite the wording suggesting circular, the correct terminology in radio astronomy for the shape of the antennas is 'parabolic', which refers to the dish's shape that focuses the radio waves. Hence, option 2 is correct.
Additional Information
- The GMRT was conceptualized in the early 1980s, with construction beginning in the early 1990s and completed in 1997.
- Its design allows for upgrades, and it has undergone enhancements to improve sensitivity and operational frequency range, ensuring its continued relevance in astronomical research.
- The GMRT has contributed to several key discoveries, including the detection of the farthest known radio galaxy and insights into the nature of the early Universe.
General Information on Telescope Arrays
- A telescope array, like GMRT, uses multiple antennas working together, effectively operating as a single, larger telescope. This methodology, known as interferometry, significantly boosts observational capabilities.
- Telescope arrays combine signals from individual antennas to improve resolution and image quality, which is crucial for modern astronomical research.
- Examples of other notable radio telescope arrays include the Very Large Array (VLA) in New Mexico, USA, and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile.
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