The question asks for a single word that means "An inscription on a tombstone written in memory of the deceased". This is a common type of vocabulary question known as one-word substitution.

Understanding the Core Concept: Tombstone Inscription

The key part of the phrase is "inscription on a tombstone written in memory of the deceased". Let's break down what this means:

• Tombstone: A stone marker placed at a grave.
• Inscription: Words or symbols carved or written on something, like a stone.
• Written in memory of the deceased: Text that commemorates the person buried there, often including their name, dates of birth and death, and sometimes a short message or verse.

We are looking for a specific word that combines these ideas – a memorial writing on a grave marker.

Analyzing the Options for the Tombstone Inscription Term

Let's look at the given options and see which one fits this description:

• slab: A slab is a flat, thick piece of material, like stone or concrete. While a tombstone is often a slab, the word 'slab' itself refers to the material or shape, not the inscription on it. So, this is not the correct word for the inscription.
• epitaph: An epitaph is defined as a phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone. This definition perfectly matches the description provided in the question.
• pillar: A pillar is a tall, vertical structure used as a support or a monument. A grave marker might be shaped like a pillar, but the word 'pillar' refers to the structure itself, not any writing on it. Therefore, this is not the correct word for the inscription.
• basilica: A basilica is a large church, typically built in a specific architectural style. This word has no connection to tombstones or grave inscriptions.

Identifying the Correct Word

Comparing the options to the meaning of the phrase, the word that means "An inscription on a tombstone written in memory of the deceased" is clearly epitaph.

An epitaph serves as a lasting tribute to the person buried beneath the tombstone, often reflecting on their life, character, or legacy. They can range from simple names and dates to poetic verses or religious quotes.

Therefore, the correct option is 'epitaph'.

Revision Table: One-Word Substitutions

Additional Information: Words Related to Death and Memory

Understanding words related to death, burial, and memory is useful for vocabulary building. Here are a few related terms:

• Cemetery: A place where dead bodies are buried.
• Graveyard: A burial ground, often associated with a church.
• Tomb: A structure for burying the dead, typically below ground.
• Monument: A statue, building, or other structure erected to commemorate a notable person or event.
• Obituary: A notice of a death, especially in a newspaper, typically including a brief biography of the deceased person.
• Eulogy: A speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly, typically someone who has just died.
• Memorial: A structure, object, or commemoration established to honor a person or event.

Knowing these terms helps distinguish 'epitaph' from other related concepts.