Understanding the Liquid and Gas Analogy

The question asks us to find a relationship between the first pair of words (Liquid : Oil) and then apply the same relationship to the second pair (Gas : ?). This type of question tests our ability to understand analogies.

Let's analyze the first pair:

• Liquid : Oil

In this pair, Oil is a specific example or type of a Liquid. Oil exists in a liquid state under normal conditions.

Now we need to look at the second pair and find a word that has the same relationship with Gas:

• Gas : ?

We are looking for a word from the options that is a specific example or type of a Gas.

Analyzing the Options

Let's examine each option provided:

• Option 1: Phase
  Phase refers to a state of matter, such as solid, liquid, or gas. Gas is a phase itself, but 'Phase' is not a specific example of a gas substance in the same way Oil is an example of a liquid substance.
• Option 2: Fuel
  Fuel is a substance used to produce energy. While some fuels are gases (like natural gas), 'Fuel' is a classification based on use, not necessarily a state of matter or a specific gaseous substance. There are liquid fuels and solid fuels too.
• Option 3: Air
  Air is a mixture of different gases, primarily nitrogen and oxygen. Air exists in the gaseous state under normal conditions and is a very common example of something that is a gas. This fits the relationship established in the first pair.
• Option 4: Solid
  Solid is another state of matter, distinct from gas and liquid. This word is the opposite of gas in terms of state and is clearly not an example of a gas.

Identifying the Correct Relationship

The relationship in the first pair is that the second word (Oil) is a specific example or type of the first word (Liquid). Applying this to the second pair, we need a word that is a specific example or type of Gas.

Out of the given options, Air is the most appropriate fit because Air is a substance that is in the gaseous state and serves as a common example of a gas.

Therefore, the complete analogy is: Liquid : Oil :: Gas : Air.

Analogy Relationship Summary

Revision Table: Key Concepts in Analogy Questions

Additional Information: States of Matter

The analogy touches upon states of matter, specifically liquid and gas. Understanding these states is helpful for solving such analogies.

• States of Matter: The common states of matter include Solid, Liquid, and Gas. Plasma is another state.
• Liquid: Has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container. Particles are close together but can move past each other. Example: Water, Oil, Milk.
• Gas: Has no definite volume or shape; it fills its container. Particles are far apart and move randomly at high speeds. Example: Oxygen, Nitrogen, Helium, Air (which is a mixture of gases).
• Solid: Has a definite shape and volume. Particles are tightly packed and vibrate in fixed positions. Example: Ice, Stone, Metal.

In this analogy, Oil is a common example of a substance in the liquid state, and Air is a common example of a substance (mixture) in the gaseous state.