Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term. BACTERIA : EXFWBUFX :: WOUNDS : ?
ZLRQGV
Understanding the Letter Analogy: BACTERIA to EXFWBUFX
The question asks us to find the word related to 'WOUNDS' in the same way that 'BACTERIA' is related to 'EXFWBUFX'. This is a letter coding or word analogy problem where a specific rule or pattern transforms the letters of the first word into the letters of the second word.
Analyzing the BACTERIA to EXFWBUFX Transformation
Let's examine the transformation for each letter in 'BACTERIA' to see how it becomes 'EXFWBUFX'. We can look at the position of each letter in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26).
| Original Letter | Position | Transformed Letter | Position | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | $\text{2}$ | E | $\text{5}$ | $\text{+3}$ |
| A | $\text{1}$ | X | $\text{24}$ | $\text{-3}$ (wrapping around from A) |
| C | $\text{3}$ | F | $\text{6}$ | $\text{+3}$ |
| T | $\text{20}$ | W | $\text{23}$ | $\text{+3}$ |
| E | $\text{5}$ | B | $\text{2}$ | $\text{-3}$ |
| R | $\text{18}$ | U | $\text{21}$ | $\text{+3}$ |
| I | $\text{9}$ | F | $\text{6}$ | $\text{-3}$ |
| A | $\text{1}$ | X | $\text{24}$ | $\text{-3}$ (wrapping around from A) |
Identifying the Pattern Rule
Looking closely at the differences (+3, -3, +3, +3, -3, +3, -3, -3), there isn't a simple repeating arithmetic progression. Let's consider another property of the letters: whether they are vowels (A, E, I, O, U) or consonants.
- B is a consonant: $\text{B} \xrightarrow{+3} \text{E}$
- A is a vowel: $\text{A} \xrightarrow{-3} \text{X}$
- C is a consonant: $\text{C} \xrightarrow{+3} \text{F}$
- T is a consonant: $\text{T} \xrightarrow{+3} \text{W}$
- E is a vowel: $\text{E} \xrightarrow{-3} \text{B}$
- R is a consonant: $\text{R} \xrightarrow{+3} \text{U}$
- I is a vowel: $\text{I} \xrightarrow{-3} \text{F}$
- A is a vowel: $\text{A} \xrightarrow{-3} \text{X}$
The pattern appears to be:
| Letter Type | Operation |
|---|---|
| Consonant | Add 3 to the letter's position ($\text{+3}$) |
| Vowel | Subtract 3 from the letter's position ($\text{-3}$) |
Let's verify this rule with BACTERIA:
- B (Consonant, 2) + 3 = 5 (E)
- A (Vowel, 1) - 3 = -2. Wrapping around (1 $\to$ Z $\to$ Y $\to$ X), -2 corresponds to 24 (X).
- C (Consonant, 3) + 3 = 6 (F)
- T (Consonant, 20) + 3 = 23 (W)
- E (Vowel, 5) - 3 = 2 (B)
- R (Consonant, 18) + 3 = 21 (U)
- I (Vowel, 9) - 3 = 6 (F)
- A (Vowel, 1) - 3 = -2, corresponds to 24 (X).
This rule perfectly explains the transformation from BACTERIA to EXFWBUFX.
Applying the Pattern to WOUNDS
Now, we apply the same rule (Consonant +3, Vowel -3) to the word 'WOUNDS'.
| Original Letter | Type | Position | Operation | Calculation | New Position | Transformed Letter |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| W | Consonant | $\text{23}$ | $\text{+3}$ | $\text{23 + 3}$ | $\text{26}$ | Z |
| O | Vowel | $\text{15}$ | $\text{-3}$ | $\text{15 - 3}$ | $\text{12}$ | L |
| U | Vowel | $\text{21}$ | $\text{-3}$ | $\text{21 - 3}$ | $\text{18}$ | R |
| N | Consonant | $\text{14}$ | $\text{+3}$ | $\text{14 + 3}$ | $\text{17}$ | Q |
| D | Consonant | $\text{4}$ | $\text{+3}$ | $\text{4 + 3}$ | $\text{7}$ | G |
| S | Consonant | $\text{19}$ | $\text{+3}$ | $\text{19 + 3}$ | $\text{22}$ | V |
Applying the rule to each letter of WOUNDS gives us the following sequence of transformed letters: Z, L, R, Q, G, V.
The word related to WOUNDS is ZLRQGV.
Revision Table: Decoding Logic
| Step | Description | Outcome |
|---|---|---|
| $\text{1}$ | Analyze the transformation from BACTERIA to EXFWBUFX. | Identified letter shifts (+3/-3). |
| $\text{2}$ | Examine letter properties (vowel/consonant). | Pattern correlates with letter type. |
| $\text{3}$ | Formulate the rule. | Consonant: +3; Vowel: -3. |
| $\text{4}$ | Apply the rule to WOUNDS. | Calculated new letters: Z, L, R, Q, G, V. |
| $\text{5}$ | Combine transformed letters. | Resulting word: ZLRQGV. |
Additional Information on Letter Coding Analogies
Letter coding and analogies are common types of questions in reasoning tests. They assess your ability to identify patterns and apply rules. Patterns can involve various transformations:
- Adding or subtracting a fixed number to letter positions (e.g., +1, -2, +3...).
- Adding or subtracting a variable number to letter positions (e.g., +1, -2, +3, -4...).
- Reversing the order of letters or parts of the word.
- Substituting letters based on their position from the end of the alphabet (A $\leftrightarrow$ Z, B $\leftrightarrow$ Y, etc.).
- Using a combination of these rules.
- Patterns based on vowel/consonant, uppercase/lowercase, etc.
To solve these problems, it's helpful to write out the alphabet and its positions (A=1 to Z=26) or even reversed positions (Z=1 to A=26). Practice helps in quickly recognizing common patterns.
Important Questions from Letter Based
Select the option that is related to the third letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster.
PDK : QFN :: SJQ : ?
Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
FASTER : AEFRST :: KINGDOM : ?
Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
PRACTISE : ACEIPRST :: TECHNOLOGY : ?
Select the option that is related to the third letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter cluster.
RJB : TGF :: QPG : ?
Select the option that is related to the third word in the same way as the second word is related to the first word. (The words must be considered as meaningful English words and must not be related to each other based on the number of letters/number of consonants/vowels in the word.)
Ant ∶ Antling ∶ ∶ Deer ∶ ?
