Select the option that is related to the third letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster.
EHGJ
Understanding Letter Cluster Analogies
Letter cluster analogies test your ability to find the relationship or pattern between a pair of letter clusters and apply that same pattern to a new letter cluster to find the missing one. In this question, we are given the analogy MNOP: LONQ :: FGHI : ?. We need to figure out how MNOP changes to LONQ and apply the same rule to FGHI.
Analyzing the First Letter Cluster Pair: MNOP to LONQ
Let's look at how each letter in MNOP relates to the corresponding letter in LONQ based on their positions in the alphabet.
- The first letter M becomes L. In the alphabet, L comes just before M. This is a shift of -1 position.
- The second letter N becomes O. In the alphabet, O comes just after N. This is a shift of +1 position.
- The third letter O becomes N. In the alphabet, N comes just before O. This is a shift of -1 position.
- The fourth letter P becomes Q. In the alphabet, Q comes just after P. This is a shift of +1 position.
So, the pattern observed from MNOP to LONQ is a sequential shift of -1, +1, -1, +1 for each letter.
| Letter in MNOP | Position | Shift | Resulting Letter in LONQ | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | 13 | -1 | L | 12 |
| N | 14 | +1 | O | 15 |
| O | 15 | -1 | N | 14 |
| P | 16 | +1 | Q | 17 |
Applying the Pattern to FGHI
Now, we apply the same -1, +1, -1, +1 shift pattern to the letters in FGHI to find the missing letter cluster.
- The first letter F gets a -1 shift. The letter before F is E.
- The second letter G gets a +1 shift. The letter after G is H.
- The third letter H gets a -1 shift. The letter before H is G.
- The fourth letter I gets a +1 shift. The letter after I is J.
Combining the resulting letters, we get EHGJ.
| Letter in FGHI | Position | Shift | Resulting Letter | Position |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F | 6 | -1 | E | 5 |
| G | 7 | +1 | H | 8 |
| H | 8 | -1 | G | 7 |
| I | 9 | +1 | J | 10 |
Conclusion
Following the pattern (-1, +1, -1, +1) observed in the first pair (MNOP: LONQ), applying it to FGHI results in the letter cluster EHGJ. Therefore, FGHI : EHGJ.
Revision Table: Understanding Letter Patterns
| Original Letter | Transformation Pattern | Resulting Letter | Example (MNOP > LONQ) | Example (FGHI > EHGJ) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Letter | -1 Position | Letter before | M > L | F > E |
| 2nd Letter | +1 Position | Letter after | N > O | G > H |
| 3rd Letter | -1 Position | Letter before | O > N | H > G |
| 4th Letter | +1 Position | Letter after | P > Q | I > J |
Additional Information: Solving Letter Analogy Questions
Letter analogy and letter cluster questions are common in reasoning sections of exams. To solve them effectively, consider these strategies:
- Alphabet Position: Write down the alphabet and their numerical positions (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26). This helps in identifying shifts easily.
- Look for Patterns: Check for sequential shifts (+1, -1, +2, -2, etc.), alternate letter shifts (1st to 3rd, 2nd to 4th, etc.), reverse order, skipping letters, or vowel/consonant patterns.
- Practice: Solving various types of letter series and analogy problems helps in recognizing common patterns quickly.
- Break Down the Problem: Compare letter by letter between the given pair to find the specific rule applied.
Similar Questions
Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
PRACTISE : ACEIPRST :: TECHNOLOGY : ?
Which one set of letters when sequentially placed at the gaps in the given letter series shall complete it?
g f e__ig_ei i_f e i_g f_i i
.Which one number when placed at the sign of interrogation shall complete the series
3, 6, 18, 72, ...?..., 2160
Choose the correct alternative from the given ones that will complete the below series:
W/S, U/O ,S/K, Q/GIn the following question, select the related letters from the given alternatives.
HMPU : IOSY : : GMRF : ?Select the related letters from the given alternatives.
EGI : BDF : : KMO : ?In the following question, select the odd letters from the given alternatives.
A letter series is given below in which some letters are missing. Select the option that gives the letters that can fill these blanks in that order.
a_ca_bab_ad_abc_dbSelect the option that is related to the fifth letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster and the fourth letter-cluster is related to the third letter-cluster.
IDEOLOGY : YGILIYDC :: HARDWARE : YRUWDRUH :: ISOLATED : ?
Select the option that is related to the third letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster.
JKLM : HLKO ∷ PQRS : ?
Important Questions from Letter Based
Select the related letters from the given alternatives:
JOKE : GLHB : : RISK : ?Select the related letters from the given alternatives:
MAN : PDQ : : WAN : ?In the following question, select the related letter/letters from the given alternatives.
ACE : KMO : : BDF : ?Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
JMP : HON :: ADG : ?
In the following question, a group of letters is given. The letters of each group are related with the letters of the same group by some Logic/Rule/Relation. From the given alternatives, select a group of letters which follows the same Logic/Rule/Relation.
(GROB, EKUC, FQNA)
