Select the option that is related to the fifth letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster and the fourth letter-cluster is related to the third letter-cluster. GOOD : IMQB :: CARE : EYTC :: SAVE : ?
UYXC
Understanding Letter Cluster Analogies
Letter cluster analogy questions test your ability to identify the relationship or pattern between two given letter clusters and then apply that same pattern to a new letter cluster to find the missing one. These patterns often involve changes in letter positions based on the English alphabet.
Analyzing the Pattern in the Given Letter Clusters
Let's examine the relationship between the first pair of letter clusters: GOOD and IMQB.
We can look at the positional changes of each letter:
- G is the 7th letter, I is the 9th letter. The change is $9 - 7 = +2$.
- O is the 15th letter, M is the 13th letter. The change is $13 - 15 = -2$.
- O is the 15th letter, Q is the 17th letter. The change is $17 - 15 = +2$.
- D is the 4th letter, B is the 2nd letter. The change is $2 - 4 = -2$.
The pattern observed for the first pair GOOD to IMQB is a sequence of changes: +2, -2, +2, -2.
Now, let's check if the same pattern applies to the second pair of letter clusters: CARE and EYTC.
- C is the 3rd letter, E is the 5th letter. The change is $5 - 3 = +2$.
- A is the 1st letter, Y is the 25th letter. The change is $25 - 1$. Since we are subtracting, we consider the alphabet as circular. $1 - 2 = -1$. Moving backward from A by two steps gives Z (26) then Y (25). So, $1 - 2 = 25$ (modulo 26, treating 1 as 1 and 26 as 0 or 26). The change is $-2$.
- R is the 18th letter, T is the 20th letter. The change is $20 - 18 = +2$.
- E is the 5th letter, C is the 3rd letter. The change is $3 - 5 = -2$.
The pattern +2, -2, +2, -2 also holds true for the second pair CARE to EYTC.
Therefore, the established pattern for this letter cluster analogy is +2, -2, +2, -2 for the consecutive letters.
Applying the Pattern to SAVE
We need to apply the same pattern (+2, -2, +2, -2) to the letter cluster SAVE to find the related cluster.
- For the first letter S (19th): $19 + 2 = 21$. The 21st letter is U.
- For the second letter A (1st): $1 - 2 = -1$. Moving backward 2 steps from A gives Y (25th). The 25th letter is Y.
- For the third letter V (22nd): $22 + 2 = 24$. The 24th letter is X.
- For the fourth letter E (5th): $5 - 2 = 3$. The 3rd letter is C.
Applying the pattern +2, -2, +2, -2 to SAVE results in the letter cluster UYXC.
Confirming the Solution
Let's check our result, UYXC, against the given options.
- Option 1: QCTG
- Option 2: UXXC
- Option 3: UYXC
- Option 4: UYTG
Our derived letter cluster UYXC matches Option 3.
| Original Letter | Position | Change | New Position | New Letter |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | 19 | +2 | $19 + 2 = 21$ | U |
| A | 1 | -2 | $1 - 2 = -1 \equiv 25$ (mod 26) | Y |
| V | 22 | +2 | $22 + 2 = 24$ | X |
| E | 5 | -2 | $5 - 2 = 3$ | C |
Revision Table: Letter Analogy Concepts
| Concept | Description | Example Pattern |
|---|---|---|
| Positional Shift | Adding or subtracting a fixed number from letter positions. | +1, +2, +3... or -2, -2, -2... |
| Alternating Shift | Alternating additions and subtractions. | +2, -2, +2, -2... or +1, -1, +1, -1... |
| Opposite Letters | Mapping letters to their opposites (A to Z, B to Y, etc.). | A:Z, B:Y, C:X... |
| Skipping Letters | Mapping letters by skipping a fixed number of letters in between. | A to D (skip B, C), B to E (skip C, D)... |
Additional Information: Solving Letter Series and Analogies
Letter series and analogy questions are common in reasoning tests. To solve them effectively, consider these strategies:
- Write down the alphabet and their positions (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26). This helps in calculating shifts easily.
- Look for patterns in consecutive letters or alternating letters within a cluster.
- Check for patterns in the position changes between corresponding letters in the given pairs.
- Consider forward and backward movements in the alphabet, including wrapping around from Z to A or A to Z.
- Some patterns might involve vowel/consonant relationships or reversing the letter cluster.
- Practice with different types of letter puzzles to recognize common patterns quickly.
Important Questions from Letter Based
Select the option that is related to the third letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter-cluster.
PDK : QFN :: SJQ : ?
Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
FASTER : AEFRST :: KINGDOM : ?
Select the option that is related to the third term in the same way as the second term is related to the first term.
PRACTISE : ACEIPRST :: TECHNOLOGY : ?
Select the option that is related to the third letter-cluster in the same way as the second letter-cluster is related to the first letter cluster.
RJB : TGF :: QPG : ?
Select the option that is related to the third word in the same way as the second word is related to the first word. (The words must be considered as meaningful English words and must not be related to each other based on the number of letters/number of consonants/vowels in the word.)
Ant ∶ Antling ∶ ∶ Deer ∶ ?
