Select the correct PASSIVE VOICE form of the given sentence. The doctor advised him bed rest for a fortnight.
He was advised bed rest for a fortnight by the doctor.
Passive Voice Basics
Passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence receives the action, rather than performing it. In the active voice, the subject performs the action (e.g., "The dog chased the ball"). In the passive voice, the subject is acted upon (e.g., "The ball was chased by the dog").
Doctor's Advice Sentence
The original sentence provided is in the active voice:
"The doctor advised him bed rest for a fortnight."
Let's break down this active sentence:
- Subject: The doctor (the one doing the advising)
- Verb: advised (the action)
- Indirect Object: him (the person receiving the advice)
- Direct Object: bed rest (what was advised)
- Prepositional Phrase: for a fortnight (duration)
Bed Rest Transformation
To convert this sentence into the passive voice, we follow these steps:
- Make the object of the active sentence the subject of the passive sentence. Since "him" (indirect object) is more commonly used as the subject in passive constructions than "bed rest" (direct object), we use "He".
- Change the main verb to its past participle form ("advised") and add the appropriate form of the verb "to be". Since the original verb "advised" is in the simple past tense, we use "was" (to agree with "He"). So, the verb becomes "was advised".
- Optionally, include the original subject ("The doctor") in a prepositional phrase starting with "by". This is called the agent.
- Include the rest of the sentence elements.
Applying these steps:
- Object "him" becomes Subject "He".
- Verb "advised" becomes "was advised".
- The direct object "bed rest" and the phrase "for a fortnight" follow the verb.
- The original subject "The doctor" becomes the agent "by the doctor".
The resulting passive voice sentence is: "He was advised bed rest for a fortnight by the doctor."
Fortnight Advise Options
Now, let's evaluate the given options:
| Option | Analysis |
| 1. He was advised bed rest for a fortnight by the doctor. | This option correctly follows the passive voice transformation rules. The indirect object "him" becomes the subject "He", the verb is correctly changed to "was advised", and the agent "by the doctor" is included. |
| 2. A fortnight's bed rest was advised by him for the doctor. | This option incorrectly makes "A fortnight's bed rest" the subject and changes the meaning by suggesting the advice was given *for* the doctor. |
| 3. Take bed rest doctor advised him. | This option is grammatically incorrect and does not follow passive voice structure. It seems like a mix of imperative and reported speech. |
| 4. The doctor was advised him to rest for a fortnight. | This option incorrectly makes "The doctor" the subject who received the advice, which changes the original meaning. |
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