Statements:
Some birds are eagles.
All eagles are fierce.
All fierce creatures are predators.
Conclusions:
(1) Some birds are fierce.
(2) Some birds are predators.
(3) All predators are fierce.
(4) No eagle is a predator.
Analyzing the Statements: Birds, Eagles, and Predators
This question tests our ability to use deductive reasoning based on a set of given statements. We need to carefully examine each statement and conclusion to see if the conclusion logically follows from the statements alone. Let's break down the provided information.
Provided Statements
- Statement 1: Some birds are eagles.
- Statement 2: All eagles are fierce.
- Statement 3: All fierce creatures are predators.
Evaluating Each Conclusion
Conclusion (1): Some birds are fierce.
We start with Statement 1: "Some birds are eagles." This means there is at least one bird that is also an eagle.
Next, we look at Statement 2: "All eagles are fierce." This tells us that every single eagle possesses the quality of being fierce.
Combining these two statements:
- If there exists at least one bird that is an eagle (from S1),
- And every eagle is fierce (from S2),
- Then it must be true that at least one bird (the one that is an eagle) is also fierce.
Therefore, Conclusion (1) logically follows from Statements 1 and 2.
Conclusion (2): Some birds are predators.
From our analysis of Conclusion (1), we established that "Some birds are fierce."
Now, let's consider Statement 3: "All fierce creatures are predators." This means that anything described as fierce also belongs to the category of predators.
Combining the established fact ("Some birds are fierce") with Statement 3:
- If there exists at least one bird that is fierce (derived from S1 & S2),
- And every fierce creature is a predator (from S3),
- Then it must be true that at least one bird (the one that is fierce) is also a predator.
Therefore, Conclusion (2) logically follows from the statements.
Conclusion (3): All predators are fierce.
Statement 3 says: "All fierce creatures are predators." This means the group of fierce creatures is entirely contained within the larger group of predators. We can represent this as: Fierce \(\subset\) Predators.
The conclusion states: "All predators are fierce." This would mean the group of predators is entirely contained within the group of fierce creatures (Predators \(\subset\) Fierce).
Statement 3 does not provide information that allows us to conclude the reverse is true. There might be predators that are not fierce. We cannot assume the relationship works both ways just because one direction is stated.
Therefore, Conclusion (3) does not logically follow.
Conclusion (4): No eagle is a predator.
Let's revisit the connections:
- From Statement 2: All eagles are fierce.
- From Statement 3: All fierce creatures are predators.
If all eagles are fierce, and all fierce creatures are predators, then it must logically follow that all eagles are predators. This is a transitive property.
The conclusion "No eagle is a predator" directly contradicts this derived fact.
Therefore, Conclusion (4) does not logically follow.
Final Determination
Based on the step-by-step analysis:
- Conclusion (1) follows.
- Conclusion (2) follows.
- Conclusion (3) does not follow.
- Conclusion (4) does not follow.
The only conclusions that logically follow from the given statements are (1) and (2).
Similar Questions
- All flowers are plants. Some plants are flowering plants. Which conclusion is logically valid?
Two statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known f act s, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some carpenters are singers.
All singers are doctors.
Conclusions:
I. No doctor is a carpenter.
II. Some doctors are singers.
III. Some carpenters are doctors.
Three statements are given, followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statement s to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some machines are coolers.
All coolers are robots.
Some microwaves are coolers.
Conclusions:
I. Some coolers are machines.
II. Some robots are machines.
III. No robot is a microwave.
Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. All teachers are students.
2. All principal are teachers.
3. Some principals are doctors.
Conclusions:
I. Some students are teachers.
II. No student is a doctor.
III. Some students are principals.Two statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. All apples are mangoes.
2. Some bananas are mangoes.
Conclusions:
I. Some mangoes are bananas.
II. Some mangoes are apples.
III. No mango is an apple.Three statements are given followed by three conclusions numbered I, II and III. Assuming the statements to be true, even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. No bed is a chair.
2. All tables are beds.
3. No cupboard is a bed.
Conclusions:
I. No table is a chair.
II. No cupboard is a table.
III. Some beds are tables.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. No city is a district.
2. Some districts are zones.
3. Some zones are states.
Conclusions:
I. Some zones are districts.
II. Some districts are cities.
lII. No state is a zone.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
1. Some tables are chairs.
2. Some chairs are beds.
3. All beds are goods.
Conclusions:
I. Some chairs are goods.
Il. Some goods are not beds.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is ture, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
No man is engineer.
No engineer is driver.
Some drivers are shop-keepers.
Conclusions:
1. Some men are drivers.
2. No shop-keepers are engineer.
3. Some shop-keepers are not engineers.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is ture, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All aero-planes are cars.
All helicopters are cars.
All cars are scooters.
Conclusions:
1. All helicopters are scooters.
2. Some aero-planes are helicopters.
3. No aero-plane is helicopter.
Important Questions from Syllogism
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some students are players.
All players are male.
Conclusions:
I. All males are players.
II. Some males are students.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
No creative is an employer.
All experts are creative.
All workers are experts.
Conclusions:
I. No employer is an expert.
II. No worker is an employer.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
Some actors are choreographers.
All choreographers are producers.
Not a single producer is a director.
Conclusions:
I. Some actors are directors.
II. Not a single actor is a director.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements :
1. All flowers are tulips.
2. No tulips are whites.
Conclusions :
I. All tulips are flowers.
II. Some tulips are whites.
Read the given statements and conclusions carefully. Assuming that the information given in the statements is true, even if it appears to be at variance with commonly known facts, decide which of the given conclusions logically follow(s) from the statements.
Statements:
All rats are dogs.
Some rats are hens.
Conclusions:
I. Some rats are dogs.
II. Some hens are rats.
