Select the most appropriate option to fill in the blank. All residents are ______ that the entrance gate will be closed at 11 PM.
hereby informed
Understanding the Sentence Structure and Word Choice
The question asks us to complete the sentence: "All residents are ______ that the entrance gate will be closed at 11 PM." We need to choose the most grammatically appropriate phrase to fill the blank. The sentence is in the passive voice because the residents are receiving the action (being informed).
The structure of the sentence uses the verb "to be" (are) followed by the past participle of the main verb. The main verb here is "inform". The passive voice form of "inform" is "informed".
Analyzing the Options for Sentence Completion
Let's look at each option to see which one fits the passive voice structure and makes sense in the context of informing residents.
- Option 1: "hereby to be inform" - This is grammatically incorrect. "To be inform" is not a valid verb form. The correct passive infinitive form is "to be informed".
- Option 2: "inform hereby" - This option uses the base form "inform" after "are", which is incorrect for the passive voice. It should be the past participle "informed".
- Option 3: "hereby informed" - This option uses the correct passive voice structure ("are informed"). The word "hereby" is an adverb that means "by this document or statement". Placing it before "informed" is common in formal announcements like this, indicating that the statement itself is the means of informing the residents.
- Option 4: "being hereby inform" - This option uses "being inform", which is grammatically incorrect. It should be "being informed" for the passive voice continuous form. However, the sentence implies a formal notification, not an ongoing action, making "are informed" (simple passive) more appropriate than "are being informed" (passive continuous).
Identifying the Correct Phrase
Based on the grammatical analysis, Option 3, "hereby informed", correctly uses the passive voice past participle "informed" and places the adverb "hereby" appropriately for a formal announcement.
Therefore, the most appropriate phrase to fill in the blank is "hereby informed". The complete sentence reads: "All residents are hereby informed that the entrance gate will be closed at 11 PM."
Explanation of "Hereby Informed"
The phrase "hereby informed" is often used in official notices or declarations. "Hereby" signifies that the statement itself is the act of informing. It's a concise way of saying "by means of this notice, you are informed".
Revision Table: Passive Voice
| Verb Tense | Active Voice Structure | Passive Voice Structure | Example (with "inform") |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Present | Subject + Verb (s/es) + Object | Object + is/am/are + Past Participle + by Subject (optional) | Active: The manager informs residents. Passive: Residents are informed. |
| Simple Past | Subject + Verb (ed/irregular) + Object | Object + was/were + Past Participle + by Subject (optional) | Active: The manager informed residents. Passive: Residents were informed. |
| Present Perfect | Subject + has/have + Past Participle + Object | Object + has/have + been + Past Participle + by Subject (optional) | Active: The manager has informed residents. Passive: Residents have been informed. |
Additional Information: Usage of 'Hereby'
"Hereby" is an old-fashioned or formal word meaning "by this means" or "by this document or statement". It is typically used in legal documents, official announcements, or declarations. Its placement usually comes between the auxiliary verb (like 'are') and the main verb's past participle (like 'informed') in a passive construction, or before the main verb in an active construction (though this is less common now). The use of "hereby" adds a sense of formality and finality to the statement.
- Example 1: I hereby declare the meeting open. (Active voice)
- Example 2: You are hereby summoned to appear in court. (Passive voice)
In the given sentence, "All residents are hereby informed", it functions similarly to the second example, adding a formal tone to the notification about the gate closure.
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