Matching Chemical Reagents: A Step-by-Step Guide

This question requires matching common chemical reagents with their constituents or associated names. Let's break down each reagent:

Tollen's Reagent

Tollen's reagent, also known as the ammoniacal silver nitrate solution, is used for the qualitative detection of aldehydes. It is prepared by adding sodium hydroxide to silver nitrate solution, followed by the addition of ammonia solution until the precipitate of silver oxide just dissolves.

• Match: (A) - (III) Ammoniacal silver nitrate

Jones Reagent

Jones reagent is a solution of chromium trioxide ($CrO_3$) in dilute sulfuric acid ($H_2SO_4$). It is a strong oxidizing agent used in organic chemistry, primarily for oxidizing primary alcohols to carboxylic acids and secondary alcohols to ketones.

• Match: (B) - (IV) Chromium trioxide-sulphuric acid

Lucas Reagent

The Lucas reagent is used to distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols. It is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride ($ZnCl_2$) in concentrated hydrochloric acid (Conc. HCl).

• Match: (C) - (II) Conc. HCl and $ZnCl_2$

Fehling Solution

Fehling solution consists of two mixtures, Fehling's solution A and Fehling's solution B. Fehling's solution B is an alkaline solution of potassium sodium tartrate, commonly known as Rochelle salt. It is used to detect the presence of aldehydes.

• Match: (D) - (I) Rochelle salt

Correct Matching Summary

Based on the analysis, the correct matches are:

• (A) - (III)
• (B) - (IV)
• (C) - (II)
• (D) - (I)

This corresponds to the first option provided.