Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below : Codes : (a) (b) (c) (d)List I List II (a) Hypothalamus (1) Causes extreme over-eating (b) Lateral hypothalamic damage (2) Responsible for monitoring food intake (c) Ventromedial hypothalamic damage (3) Regulate feeling of hunger (d) Changes in levels of Glucose (4) Leads to refusal of food and starvation
(2) (4) (1) (3)
The hypothalamus is the brain's central regulator of eating. Its lateral area acts as a 'feeding centre' and its ventromedial area as a 'satiety centre' (dual-centre theory based on lesion studies by Anand and Brobeck, Hetherington and Ranson), while glucostatic theory (Mayer) links hunger to blood glucose.
| List I | List II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (a) Hypothalamus | (2) Responsible for monitoring food intake | It integrates signals about nutrients, hormones and body weight and monitors food intake. |
| (b) Lateral hypothalamic damage | (4) Leads to refusal of food and starvation | Lesions of the feeding centre produce aphagia; animals refuse food and may starve. |
| (c) Ventromedial hypothalamic damage | (1) Causes extreme over-eating | Lesions of the satiety centre produce hyperphagia and obesity. |
| (d) Changes in levels of Glucose | (3) Regulate feeling of hunger | Falling blood glucose triggers hunger; rising glucose produces satiety (glucostatic theory). |
The matching is therefore (a)–(2), (b)–(4), (c)–(1), (d)–(3).
Hence, the answer is (2) (4) (1) (3).
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