Lumber punctures can be used to diagnose : (1) Bacterial meningitis (2) Viral infections (3) Brain abcess and tumor (4) Multiple sclerosis
Only (1), (2), (3) and (4) are true
A lumbar puncture (spinal tap) withdraws cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space, usually between the L3–L4 or L4–L5 vertebrae, for laboratory analysis of cells, protein, glucose, pressure and microbes.
Statement (1) is true: CSF analysis is the definitive way to diagnose bacterial meningitis (raised neutrophils and protein, low glucose, organisms on Gram stain and culture).
Statement (2) is true: viral meningitis and encephalitis are identified from a lymphocytic CSF picture and PCR detection of viruses such as herpes simplex or enteroviruses.
Statement (3) is true in the sense listed in standard medical references: CSF findings (raised pressure, raised protein, abnormal or malignant cells on cytology) can support the diagnosis of intracranial infection such as abscess and of tumours, particularly leptomeningeal spread, once imaging has excluded dangerous mass effect.
Statement (4) is true: oligoclonal IgG bands and a raised IgG index in CSF are classic supporting evidence for multiple sclerosis.
Since all four conditions can be investigated through CSF obtained by lumbar puncture, all the statements are true.
Hence, the answer is Only (1), (2), (3) and (4) are true.
Similar Questions
Resting membrane potential is :
Which among the following is the chief inhibiting neurotransmitter ?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
List I List II (a) Hypothalamus (1) Causes extreme over-eating (b) Lateral hypothalamic damage (2) Responsible for monitoring food intake (c) Ventromedial hypothalamic damage (3) Regulate feeling of hunger (d) Changes in levels of Glucose (4) Leads to refusal of food and starvation Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Agnosia is an inability to :
Neurofibrillary tangles and plaques are seen in brain scans of patients with :
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
List I (Traditional Terms) List II (Structures) (a) Telencephalon (1) Cerebellum (b) Diencephalon (2) Tectum (c) Mesencephalon (3) Cerebral cortex (d) Metencephalon (4) Thalamus Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Which is odd among the following for HIV ?
Unmyelinated intervals on axons are called :
The term psychoneuroimmunology is associated with which of the following ?
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below :
List I (Brain area) List II (Function) (a) Broca area (1) Non-reflexive movement (b) Wernicke area (2) Speech production (c) PFC (3) Planning and organization (d) Primary motor cortex (4) Speech comprehension Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Important Questions from Human body
- Which of the following minerals is essential for oxygen transport in the blood?
- How many pairs of false ribs are located above the floating ribs that are connected to each other by costal cartilage?
- Which mineral helps in the formation of insulin granules, digestion, metabolism and functioning of the male prostate?
- Which of these nutrients is the main energy source for the body/ human diet?
Consider the following statements regarding diabetes:
1. It is caused by the oversecretion of insulin by pancreas.
2. The glucose level increases in the blood.
3. The patient urinates frequently, loses weight and becomes lethargic.
How many of the statements given above are correct?
