In human body, the cell growth and differentiation are highly controlled and regulated, but in cancer cells
There is breakdown of these regulatory mechanisms leading to formation of benign and malignant tumours
The correct answer is There is breakdown of these regulatory mechanisms leading to formation of benign and malignant tumours.
Normal cells divide only in response to growth signals and stop by contact inhibition, under the control of proto-oncogenes, tumour-suppressor genes (e.g., p53) and apoptosis. In cancer, mutations break down these controls, so cells divide uncontrollably and form a mass (tumour) that may be benign (localised) or malignant (invasive, metastatic).
Cell division in cancer is uncontrolled, not controlled; mutations alter DNA and RNA rather than reduce their production — rapidly dividing cancer cells actually synthesise more DNA.
Short trick: Cancer = loss of control (no contact inhibition) → tumour.
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