All Exams Test series for 1 year @ ₹349 only
Question

Which one of the following hormones contains peptide chain?

This question was previously asked in
CDS I 2016 English Previous Year Paper (14-Feb-2016)
The correct answer is

Oxytocin

Understanding Hormone Structure: Identifying Peptide Chains

Hormones are chemical messengers in the body that regulate various physiological processes. They can be broadly classified based on their chemical structure. One major class of hormones is peptide hormones, which are composed of chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds.

Analyzing the Hormone Options

Let's examine the structure of each hormone provided in the options to determine which one contains a peptide chain.

Hormone Chemical Nature Description
Oxytocin Peptide Hormone A small peptide consisting of 9 amino acids. Synthesized in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland.
Corticotrophin (ACTH) Peptide Hormone A polypeptide hormone consisting of 39 amino acids. Synthesized and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
Insulin Peptide Hormone A peptide hormone consisting of two polypeptide chains (A and B) linked by disulfide bonds. Produced by the pancreas.
Cortisone Steroid Hormone A corticosteroid hormone derived from cholesterol. Steroid hormones have a characteristic four-ring structure and are lipids, not peptides.

Identifying the Peptide Chain Hormone

Based on the structural classification:

  • Oxytocin is a peptide composed of amino acids. Its structure is a nonapeptide (9 amino acids) with a disulfide bond.
  • Corticotrophin (ACTH) is also a peptide, specifically a polypeptide of 39 amino acids.
  • Insulin is a peptide hormone composed of two chains linked by disulfide bonds.
  • Cortisone is a steroid hormone, which means it is lipid-based and derived from cholesterol, not made of amino acid chains.

The question asks which of the following hormones contains a peptide chain. All Oxytocin, Corticotrophin, and Insulin are peptide hormones, containing peptide chains. Cortisone is a steroid hormone and does not contain a peptide chain.

Among the given options, Oxytocin is a well-known peptide hormone.

Conclusion

Oxytocin is a hormone that contains a peptide chain, as it is composed of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. Other options like Corticotrophin and Insulin are also peptide hormones, but Cortisone is a steroid hormone.

Revision Table: Hormone Types

Hormone Type Chemical Composition Examples
Peptide/Protein Hormones Amino acid chains (peptides or polypeptides) Insulin, Glucagon, Growth Hormone, ADH, Oxytocin, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, Prolactin
Steroid Hormones Derived from cholesterol (lipid-based) Cortisol, Aldosterone, Estrogen, Progesterone, Testosterone
Amino Acid Derivatives Modified amino acids Thyroid hormones (T3, T4), Adrenaline (Epinephrine), Noradrenaline (Norepinephrine), Dopamine

Additional Information on Peptide Hormones

Peptide hormones are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, processed in the Golgi apparatus, and stored in secretory vesicles. They are released from the cell via exocytosis. Because they are water-soluble, they travel freely in the bloodstream. Their receptors are typically located on the cell surface, and they often exert their effects by activating second messenger systems within the target cell.

The structure of Oxytocin can be represented as:

\(\text{Cys-Tyr-Ile-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Leu-Gly(NH}_2\text{)}\)

Here, Cys-Cys forms a disulfide bond. This chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds confirms its peptide nature.

Was this answer helpful?

Similar Questions

  1. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of organs that occur in the path of urine flow in human body?

  2. Which one of the following is the Structure of a cardiac muscle cell ?

  3. Which one of the following cell organelles mainly functions as storehouse of digestive enzymes?

  4. The causal organism of dengue fever is a mosquito-borne virus which belongs to which one among the following categories?

  5. Which of the following statements is/are correct about vaccination that provides
    protection against an infectious disease?

    1. It blocks the entry of the infectious agent into body.

    2. It produces antibodies against infection.

    3. It kills the infectious agent when it enters in the body.

    Select the correct answer using the code given below. 

  6. AIDS is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The transmission of HIV infection generally occurs through

  7. In human body, the cell growth and differentiation are highly controlled and regulated, but in cancer cells

  8. The mammalian heart is myogenic, and it is regulated by nerves. The heartbeat originates from

  9. Which one of the following statements is correct?

  10. Which one of the following body parts/organs of the human body does not have smooth muscles?


Important Questions from Human body

  1. A resting person, usually has a pulse rate between ______ and ______ beats per minute

  2. In humans, neck and head are joined by which joint ?

  3. The human skeleton is composed of around ______ bones at birth.

  4. At which period of life, body undergoes changes leading to reproductive maturity?

  5. Milk is no longer called a balanced diet due to the lack of which one of the following?

Need Expert Advice?
Test Series
CDS img
Defence
UPSC CDS 2026 Mock Test Series
536 Tests 4 Tests Free
1671 Attempts
4.3(174)
English, Hindi
More Questions from CDS

Start Your Preparation with Prepp Mobile App

Download the app from Google Play & App Store
Download the app from Google Play & App Store
Prepp Mobile App