Question
In animal cell culture, sodium bicarbonate is added in culture media to:
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CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
Maintain the correct pH.
Cell Culture: Sodium Bicarbonate for pH Control
Sodium bicarbonate ($NaHCO_3$) is a standard component added to animal cell culture media primarily to regulate the pH.
Role in pH Maintenance
- Cell culture media require a stable pH, typically around 7.2 to 7.4, for optimal cell function and survival.
- Sodium bicarbonate acts as part of a bicarbonate buffer system, working in conjunction with dissolved carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) from the air or incubator atmosphere.
- This system neutralizes acids or bases produced during cell metabolism, preventing drastic pH shifts.
- A stable pH ensures proper enzyme activity and cellular processes.
Addressing Other Options
- Aeration: Gas exchange ($O_2$/$CO_2$) is managed through incubator settings and media surface area, not bicarbonate concentration.
- Iron Uptake: While iron is necessary, its availability and uptake are influenced by chelators and specific media composition, not primarily by bicarbonate.
- Cell Adhesion: Adherence to plastic surfaces is typically facilitated by the surface treatment of the culture dish and components like serum, not by sodium bicarbonate.
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