In a certain code language, FORK is written as JKVG and COARSE is written as GKENWA. How will TERMITES be written in that language?
XAVIMPIO
Understanding the Coding Decoding Logic
This question involves a type of coding decoding where letters of a word are replaced by other letters based on a specific pattern or rule. We are given two examples of words being coded, and we need to identify the rule to code a third word.
Analyzing the First Example: FORK is coded as JKVG
Let's look at the position of each letter in the English alphabet (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26):
- F is the 6th letter, J is the 10th letter. The change is $10 - 6 = +4$.
- O is the 15th letter, K is the 11th letter. The change is $11 - 15 = -4$.
- R is the 18th letter, V is the 22nd letter. The change is $22 - 18 = +4$.
- K is the 11th letter, G is the 7th letter. The change is $7 - 11 = -4$.
The pattern for FORK seems to be adding 4 to the position of the first letter, subtracting 4 from the position of the second letter, adding 4 to the third, and subtracting 4 from the fourth. This is an alternating pattern of $+4$ and $-4$.
Verifying the Pattern with the Second Example: COARSE is coded as GKENWA
Let's check if the $+4, -4, +4, -4, \dots$ pattern holds for the second example COARSE:
- C (3rd) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ G (7th). Correct.
- O (15th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ K (11th). Correct.
- A (1st) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ E (5th). Correct.
- R (18th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ N (14th). Correct.
- S (19th) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ W (23rd). Correct.
- E (5th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ A (1st). Correct.
The pattern of alternating $+4$ and $-4$ is confirmed by both examples.
Applying the Coding Pattern to TERMITES
Now we apply the same alternating $+4, -4$ pattern to the word TERMITES. TERMITES has 8 letters, so the pattern will be $+4, -4, +4, -4, +4, -4, +4, -4$.
- T (20th) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ X (24th)
- E (5th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ A (1st)
- R (18th) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ V (22nd)
- M (13th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ I (9th)
- I (9th) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ M (13th)
- T (20th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ P (16th)
- E (5th) $\xrightarrow{+4}$ I (9th)
- S (19th) $\xrightarrow{-4}$ O (15th)
Combining the resulting letters, TERMITES is coded as XAVIMPIO.
Comparing with the Options
Let's compare the coded word XAVIMPIO with the given options:
- Option 1: XAVIMXAO - Does not match.
- Option 2: XAVIMPIO - Matches perfectly.
- Option 3: PIVIMPIW - Does not match.
- Option 4: YANIMPIO - Does not match.
Therefore, the correct coded word for TERMITES is XAVIMPIO.
Revision Table: Coding Decoding Summary
| Original Word | Coded Word | Letter-wise Transformation | Pattern |
|---|---|---|---|
| F | J | F(6) $\to$ J(10) | $+4$ |
| O | K | O(15) $\to$ K(11) | $-4$ |
| R | V | R(18) $\to$ V(22) | $+4$ |
| K | G | K(11) $\to$ G(7) | $-4$ |
| C | G | C(3) $\to$ G(7) | $+4$ |
| O | K | O(15) $\to$ K(11) | $-4$ |
| A | E | A(1) $\to$ E(5) | $+4$ |
| R | N | R(18) $\to$ N(14) | $-4$ |
| S | W | S(19) $\to$ W(23) | $+4$ |
| E | A | E(5) $\to$ A(1) | $-4$ |
| T | X | T(20) $\to$ X(24) | $+4$ |
| E | A | E(5) $\to$ A(1) | $-4$ |
| R | V | R(18) $\to$ V(22) | $+4$ |
| M | I | M(13) $\to$ I(9) | $-4$ |
| I | M | I(9) $\to$ M(13) | $+4$ |
| T | P | T(20) $\to$ P(16) | $-4$ |
| E | I | E(5) $\to$ I(9) | $+4$ |
| S | O | S(19) $\to$ O(15) | $-4$ |
Additional Information: Types of Letter Coding
Coding decoding is a common topic in reasoning sections of competitive exams. There are various types of letter coding patterns you might encounter:
- Alphabetical Shift: Letters are shifted a fixed number of positions forward or backward in the alphabet (e.g., $+3$ for every letter).
- Alternating Shift: The shift value alternates for each letter (like in this problem, $+4, -4, +4, -4, \dots$).
- Reverse Alphabetical Order: Letters might be coded based on their position from the end of the alphabet (Z=1, Y=2, etc.).
- Jumbled Letters: The letters within the word are rearranged in a specific order.
- Opposite Letters: Letters are replaced by their 'opposite' letter (A is opposite Z, B is opposite Y, etc., where the sum of positions is 27).
- Vowel/Consonant Specific Rules: Different rules might apply to vowels and consonants within the word.
To solve coding decoding problems, it is helpful to know the alphabetical position of each letter and practice identifying different patterns.
Important Questions from Coding and Decoding By Letter Shifting
In a certain code language, 'INERTIA' is written as 'RGVKGBZ'. How will 'FLOWER' be written in that language?
In a certain code language, ‘ADVANCE’ is written as ‘VDAAECN’ and ‘BABYSIT’ is written as ‘BABYTIS’. How will ‘AFFABLE’ be written in that language?
In a certain language, CHHAPAK is coded as DJKEUGR. How will MALANGA be coded in that language?
In a certain code language, ‘DURABLES’ is written as ‘BSVETFMC’. How will ‘FEASIBLE’ be written in that language?
In a certain code language, 'FIXED' is written as 'XIFED' and 'MOUSE' is written as 'USOME'. How will 'GAMBIT' be written in that language?
