Solving Coding Decoding Questions

This question involves a type of coding and decoding where a word is transformed into a code word based on a specific rule or set of rules. We need to analyze the given examples to find this rule and then apply it to the word 'PICNIC'.

Analyzing the First Example: BOTTLE to YTGJQY

Let's look at the letters in BOTTLE and their corresponding letters in the code YTGJQY, noting their positions in the word and their alphabetical positions (A=1, B=2, ... Z=26).

Analyzing the Second Example: PLATES to FQUXJY

Now let's analyze the second example, PLATES coded as FQUXJY.

Identifying the Consistent Coding Rule

Comparing the changes observed in both examples, we can see a consistent pattern:

• The letter at Position 2 is always shifted forward by 5 positions in the alphabet ($+5$).
• The letter at Position 5 is always shifted forward by 5 positions in the alphabet ($+5$).

The rules for positions 1, 3, 4, and 6 seem to vary between the two examples, involving different shifts or reverse mappings. However, the question states "In a certain code language", implying a consistent set of rules. Given the multiple choice options, the most reliable approach is to apply the consistent rule found (Position 2 and 5 are +5) and see which options match. Then, use the provided correct answer to deduce the likely rules for the remaining positions.

Applying the Consistent Rule to PICNIC

Let's apply the $+5$ shift rule to the 2nd and 5th letters of PICNIC.

• The 2nd letter of PICNIC is I. The 5th letter forward from I is N ($I \xrightarrow{+5} N$).
• The 5th letter of PICNIC is I. The 5th letter forward from I is N ($I \xrightarrow{+5} N$).

So, the coded word for PICNIC must have N at the 2nd and 5th positions. Let's check the options:

• Option 1: H N V H M T (N at 2nd, M at 5th - Incorrect)
• Option 2: H N U H N S (N at 2nd, N at 5th - Correct so far)
• Option 3: H N V H N S (N at 2nd, N at 5th - Correct so far)
• Option 4: H N U H N T (N at 2nd, N at 5th - Correct so far)

Options 2, 3, and 4 all follow the $+5$ rule for the 2nd and 5th positions.

Deducing Rules for Other Positions from the Correct Answer

Since the correct answer is Option 2 (HNUHNS), let's look at how the letters in positions 1, 3, 4, and 6 of PICNIC (P, C, N, C) are coded in HNUHNS (H, U, H, S).

• Position 1: P is coded as H.
• Position 3: C is coded as U.
• Position 4: N is coded as H.
• Position 6: C is coded as S.

The complete mapping for PICNIC to HNUHNS is:

While the rules for positions 1, 3, 4, and 6 are not simple universal shifts or reverses directly obvious from just the first two examples, by using the provided answer, we confirm the $+5$ rule for positions 2 and 5 and observe the specific letter-to-letter mappings for the remaining positions (P>H, C>U, N>H, C>S) that apply in this specific case to arrive at the correct code HNUHNS.

Therefore, based on the consistent patterns and the provided correct option, the code for PICNIC is HNUHNS.

Revision Table: Coding Decoding Concepts

Additional Information: Strategies for Coding Decoding

When tackling coding decoding problems, follow these steps:

1. Write down the examples clearly: List the original word and its code word, perhaps vertically aligned.
2. Check the length: See if the code word has the same number of letters as the original word. If not, it might be block coding or something more complex (not the case here).
3. Compare letter by letter: Look at the letter at each position in the original word and its corresponding letter in the code word.
4. Analyze differences/relationships:
   • Calculate the shift in alphabet positions (e.g., A to D is +3).
   • Check for reverse alphabet relationships (A-Z, B-Y).
   • Look for vowel/consonant patterns.
   • Look for patterns based on position (odd/even position, specific positions).
5. Look for consistency: The rule must apply consistently across all given examples. A rule that only works for one example is likely incorrect.
6. Apply the rule: Once a consistent rule is found, apply it to the word you need to code.
7. Check the options: Compare your result with the given options. If a clear pattern isn't immediately obvious for all positions, use the partial pattern you found (like the +5 rule for positions 2 and 5 in this question) to eliminate options.