Having failed thrice, she didn’t want to apply again. ‘Having failed’ is a
perfect participle
English has three participle forms: the present participle (verb + -ing, e.g. failing), the past participle (third form, e.g. failed) and the perfect participle (having + past participle, e.g. having failed).
The perfect participle shows an action completed before the action of the main verb. In “Having failed thrice, she didn’t want to apply again”, the failing happened before her decision not to apply, and the form is having + failed. So “Having failed” is a perfect participle.
It is not a present participle, which would be “failing” alone, nor a simple past participle, which would be “failed” alone. “Present perfect participle” is not a standard participle category; “present perfect” names a tense (has/have failed), not a participle.
perfect participle option is correct.
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