A pulse radar determines target by round trip time of a pulsed microwave signal. The frequency used by radar transmitter is 10GHz with transmitted power 2KW (Pulse power). The Antenna size of radar transmitted this signal is based on \(\lambda\ (\text{Wavelength})=\frac{C\ (\text{speed of light})}{f\ (\text{Frequency})}\) with a Gain (Gt) of 28dB is used to detect the target (aeroplane) having its cross section area as 12m2. The receiver has its capability as -90dBm as minimum detectable signal (Pmin). There is an isolation between trans and receive chain as (80-100dB) determine Radar maximum range. Based on the paragraph answer following questions :
Express minimum detectable Signal (Pmin) in watts (Pmin in radar receiver)
10-12 W
Step-by-step Explanation:
- The problem involves calculating the minimum detectable signal power (\(P_{\text{min}}\)) for a radar receiver. This is a crucial parameter in radar systems, affecting the ability of the system to detect and process weak signals.
- The provided capability of the radar receiver is specified as -90 dBm. To convert this into watts, we use the following formula:
The power level in dBm can be converted to watts using the formula:
\(P_{\text{W}} = 10^{(P_{\text{dBm}}/10 - 3)}\)
where \(P_{\text{W}}\) is the power in watts, and \(P_{\text{dBm}}\) is the power in dBm.
- Substitute the given value into the formula:
\(P_{\text{W}} = 10^{(-90/10 - 3)} = 10^{-9 - 3} = 10^{-12} \ \text{W}\)
- Thus, the minimum detectable signal power, \(P_{\text{min}}\), in watts is 10-12 W.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the minimum detectable signal power in watts is 10-12 W. This verifies the correct answer from the options provided.
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