Discuss the recent measures initiated in disaster management by the Government of India departing from the earlier reactive approach.
India's approach to disaster management has undergone a fundamental transformation, moving away from its earlier reactive, relief-centric model to a proactive and holistic one. This paradigm shift, institutionalized by the Disaster Management Act of 2005, emphasizes prevention, mitigation, and preparedness, aiming to build long-term resilience rather than just responding after a tragedy strikes.
Several recent measures exemplify this proactive approach. The formulation of the National Disaster Management Plan (NDMP) in 2016 was a landmark step. It is the first-ever national plan that aligns our policies with the global Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. The NDMP provides a clear framework for all government agencies, covering all phases of the disaster management cycle and focusing on four key priorities: understanding risk, strengthening disaster risk governance, investing in risk reduction, and enhancing preparedness for effective response.
Another significant global initiative led by India is the creation of the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI). This platform aims to promote the development of infrastructure systems that can withstand natural disasters, thereby saving lives and preventing economic losses. The focus has also sharpened on early warning systems. The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has made remarkable progress in accurately forecasting cyclones, enabling timely evacuations and drastically reducing casualties.
Furthermore, there is a continuous focus on capacity building by strengthening the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and State Disaster Response Forces (SDRF) with advanced training and equipment. The government is actively integrating disaster risk reduction into its development schemes, ensuring that new infrastructure like roads and buildings are built to be disaster-resilient from the outset.
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Important Questions from GS3
Examine the pattern and trend of public expenditure on social services in the post-reforms period in India. To what extent this has been in consonance with achieving the objective of inclusive growth?
What are the causes of persistent high food inflation in India? Comment on the effectiveness of the monetary policy of the RBI to control this type of inflation.
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What is the present world scenario of intellectual property rights with respect to life materials? Although, India is second in the world to file patents, still only a few have been commercialized. Explain the reasons behind this less commercialization.
What were the factors responsible for the successful implementation of land reforms in some parts of the country? Elaborate.
