1. At present, there are no active volcanoes in India.
2. The main cause of volcanic eruption is associated with plate tectonics, orogeny and sea-floor spreading processes.
Which of the above statements is/are CORRECT?
Volcano Statements Analysis: India and Eruption Causes
This solution analyzes the two statements provided concerning volcanoes in India and the causes of volcanic eruptions.
Statement 1: India's Active Volcanoes
Statement 1 claims that there are currently no active volcanoes in India.
- Fact Check: India possesses one confirmed active volcano, the Barren Island volcano located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. This volcano has erupted in recent history.
- Conclusion: Since India does have an active volcano, Statement 1 is incorrect.
Statement 2: Causes of Volcanic Eruptions
Statement 2 attributes the main cause of volcanic eruptions to plate tectonics, orogeny, and sea-floor spreading.
- Geological Context: Volcanic activity is predominantly driven by the movement and interaction of Earth's tectonic plates. Major volcanic zones occur at divergent plate boundaries (like mid-ocean ridges where sea-floor spreading happens) and convergent plate boundaries (where one plate subducts beneath another).
- Related Processes: Orogeny (mountain building) is often associated with convergent plate boundaries, which can also lead to volcanism. Mantle plumes causing hotspot volcanism are another significant cause, often independent of plate boundaries but fundamentally related to mantle dynamics.
- Conclusion: Plate tectonics is the primary framework explaining most volcanic eruptions, including processes like sea-floor spreading. Therefore, Statement 2 is correct.
Final Determination
Based on the analysis:
- Statement 1 is incorrect.
- Statement 2 is correct.
Therefore, the only correct statement is Statement 2.
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