Chronologically arrange the following treaties/conventions signed between the Marathas and the British (starting with the earliest) : 1. Treaty of Salbai 2. Treaty of Purandar 3. Convention of Wadgaon 4. Treaty of Surat Select the correct answer using the code given below :
4 - 2 - 3 - 1
Chronological Arrangement of Maratha-British Treaties
Understanding the sequence of treaties and conventions signed between the Maratha Confederacy and the British East India Company is crucial for studying the history of British expansion in India. These agreements often marked significant shifts in power dynamics and led to or ended conflicts like the Anglo-Maratha Wars. Let's arrange the given treaties and conventions in chronological order, starting with the earliest.
Identifying the Dates of the Treaties/Conventions
We need to know the approximate signing dates for each of the listed treaties and conventions:
- Treaty of Salbai
- Treaty of Purandar
- Convention of Wadgaon
- Treaty of Surat
Here are the generally accepted dates for these events:
- Treaty of Surat: This treaty was signed in \(\text{1775}\) between Raghunath Rao (Raghoba) and the British. It was a key event leading to the First Anglo-Maratha War.
- Treaty of Purandar: Signed in \(\text{1776}\) between the British and the regency council of the Maratha Peshwa, Nana Fadnavis. It attempted to nullify the Treaty of Surat.
- Convention of Wadgaon: This convention was signed in \(\text{1779}\) after a British force was defeated by the Marathas near Wadgaon. It was a humiliating agreement for the British.
- Treaty of Salbai: Signed in \(\text{1782}\) between the Marathas and the British, this treaty brought an end to the First Anglo-Maratha War. It established a period of relative peace for twenty years.
Arranging in Chronological Order
Based on the dates, we can arrange the treaties/conventions from the earliest to the latest:
- Treaty of Surat (\(\text{1775}\))
- Treaty of Purandar (\(\text{1776}\))
- Convention of Wadgaon (\(\text{1779}\))
- Treaty of Salbai (\(\text{1782}\))
Mapping the numbers from the question to this chronological list:
- 4. Treaty of Surat (\(\text{1775}\))
- 2. Treaty of Purandar (\(\text{1776}\))
- 3. Convention of Wadgaon (\(\text{1779}\))
- 1. Treaty of Salbai (\(\text{1782}\))
Thus, the chronological order is 4 - 2 - 3 - 1.
Summary Table of Maratha-British Agreements
| Number | Treaty/Convention | Approximate Year |
|---|---|---|
| 4 | Treaty of Surat | \(\text{1775}\) |
| 2 | Treaty of Purandar | \(\text{1776}\) |
| 3 | Convention of Wadgaon | \(\text{1779}\) |
| 1 | Treaty of Salbai | \(\text{1782}\) |
The chronological order of these events is: Treaty of Surat (\(\text{1775}\)), Treaty of Purandar (\(\text{1776}\)), Convention of Wadgaon (\(\text{1779}\)), and Treaty of Salbai (\(\text{1782}\)). This corresponds to the sequence 4 - 2 - 3 - 1.
Revision Table: Key Anglo-Maratha Treaties
| Treaty/Convention | Year | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Treaty of Surat | \(\text{1775}\) | Agreement between British & Raghunath Rao, sparked First Anglo-Maratha War. |
| Treaty of Purandar | \(\text{1776}\) | British attempt to make peace with Maratha council, replacing Treaty of Surat (not fully effective). |
| Convention of Wadgaon | \(\text{1779}\) | Signed after British defeat, forced concessions from British. |
| Treaty of Salbai | \(\text{1782}\) | Ended First Anglo-Maratha War, established peace for 20 years. |
Additional Information: Anglo-Maratha Relations
The relations between the Marathas and the British East India Company were marked by periods of conflict and uneasy peace during the late \(\text{18}^\text{th}\) and early \(\text{19}^\text{th}\) centuries. The First Anglo-Maratha War (\(\text{1775}\)-\(\text{1782}\)) was primarily caused by the British intervention in the internal affairs of the Maratha Confederacy, specifically the dispute over the Peshwaship between Raghunath Rao and the young Peshwa Madhav Rao II, guided by Nana Fadnavis.
The treaties listed in the question are crucial milestones of this first conflict. The Treaty of Surat was the initial British involvement with Raghunath Rao. The Treaty of Purandar was the Company's attempt to rectify the situation under pressure from the Calcutta Council, but Bombay Presidency officials continued to support Raghunath Rao. The Convention of Wadgaon was a direct consequence of a British military failure. Finally, the Treaty of Salbai brought a formal end to the war, acknowledging Madhav Rao II as the Peshwa and granting Salsette to the British.
Subsequent Anglo-Maratha Wars (\(\text{1803}\)-\(\text{1805}\) and \(\text{1817}\)-\(\text{1818}\)) eventually led to the complete subjugation of the Maratha Confederacy by the British, significantly altering the political map of India.
Similar Questions
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Select the correct answer using the code given below:
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Important Questions from Maratha Confederacy
In which year was the third Battle of Panipat fought?
Match List - I with List - II taking assistance of the codes given below :
List - I
(Treaties with Marathas)List - II
(Years)1. Treaty of Saibai a. 1782 2. Treaty of Bassein b. 1802 3. Treaty of Surji Anjangoan c. 1803 4. Treaty of Rajpurghat d. 1805 Which treaty was signed as a result of the Third Anglo-Maratha War between the British and the Holkar chief in 1818?
Arrange the following events chronologically starting from the earliest
(A) Treaty of Surat
(B) Convention of Wadgaon
(C) Treaty of Mangalore
(D) Treaty of Purandhar
(E) Treaty of Salbai
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
The sources on Maratha history supplemented by Peshwa Diaries' and the selections from the Peshwa daftar has been extensively used by
