Founding the Swaraj Party with Chittaranjan Das

The question asks to identify the leader who, along with Chittaranjan Das, established the Swaraj Party in 1923. The Swaraj Party was a significant political party formed during India's struggle for independence, aiming to achieve self-rule.

Historical Context of the Swaraj Party

The Swaraj Party, officially known as the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party, was established in 1923. This party emerged from a divergence of opinions within the Indian National Congress regarding participation in the legislative councils created by the British government under the Government of India Act 1919. The proponents of the Swaraj Party believed that entering these councils would allow them to obstruct the government's functioning and push for greater Indian representation and control.

Key Founders of the Swaraj Party

Chittaranjan Das, a prominent lawyer and a key figure in the nationalist movement, was instrumental in the formation of the Swaraj Party. He served as the President of the party.

The other crucial leader who co-founded the Swaraj Party alongside Chittaranjan Das was Motilal Nehru. Motilal Nehru took on the role of the party's Secretary, working closely with Das to shape its strategy and organization.

Analysis of Options Provided

Let's examine the options given in the question:

• Vallabhbhai Patel: While Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was a very important leader in the Indian independence movement, he was not one of the founding members of the Swaraj Party in 1923.
• Rajendra Prasad: Dr. Rajendra Prasad was another significant leader of the Congress, who later became the first President of India. However, he did not co-found the Swaraj Party with Chittaranjan Das.
• Motilal Nehru: This option is correct. Motilal Nehru was the principal co-founder of the Swaraj Party along with Chittaranjan Das.
• Jawaharlal Nehru: Jawaharlal Nehru, the son of Motilal Nehru, was also a vital leader in the independence movement, but he was initially not aligned with the Swaraj Party's strategy of council entry and joined the party later.

Conclusion

Based on historical records, Chittaranjan Das and Motilal Nehru were the key figures who jointly established the Swaraj Party in 1923. Their aim was to contest elections and use the legislative platforms to challenge British rule and advance the cause of Indian self-governance.