As wind in the lower atmosphere moves over the Earth's surface three forces X, Y and Z shown in the diagram operate on the air mass. If these forces are pressure gradient force (P), Frictional force (F) and Coriolis force (C), find the correct match
To solve this problem, we need to correctly match the forces involved in wind movement in the lower atmosphere to the forces indicated by X, Y, and Z in the given diagram:
- In meteorology, the three main forces acting on an air mass in the lower atmosphere are the Pressure Gradient Force (P), Frictional Force (F), and Coriolis Force (C).
- The Pressure Gradient Force (PGF) is directed from high pressure to low pressure, perpendicular to isobars. In the diagram, force Y is directed from 1000 mb (higher pressure) to 950 mb (lower pressure), indicating the Pressure Gradient Force.
- The Coriolis Force is an apparent force due to the Earth's rotation, acting perpendicular to the velocity of the air. Force Z, acting to the right of the motion in the Northern Hemisphere, is consistent with the Coriolis Force.
- The Frictional Force acts opposite to the direction of motion, reducing speed. Thus, force X, opposite the direction of motion, represents the Frictional Force.
Based on this analysis, the correct match is:
- X - F (Frictional Force)
- Y - P (Pressure Gradient Force)
- Z - C (Coriolis Force)
Therefore, the correct option is: X - F, Y - P, Z - C
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