Which of the following Articles states about the right of individual to form associations or unions or co-operative societies?
Article 19 (1) (c)
Article 19 of the Indian Constitution guarantees six fundamental freedoms to citizens under the broader right to freedom. Clause (1) lists these freedoms individually, and Article 19(1)(c) specifically guarantees the right \"to form associations or unions or co-operative societies.\" The word "co-operative societies" was added later through the 97th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2011, explicitly extending this freedom to cooperative enterprises alongside associations and unions.
This right protects a wide range of collective organisation, including:
- Trade unions and labour/worker organisations formed to collectively bargain for rights.
- Political parties, pressure groups, and civil-society organisations.
- Social, cultural, religious, and professional associations.
- Co-operative societies, such as those in agriculture, credit, and housing.
Like all freedoms under Article 19(1), this right is not absolute. Under Article 19(4), the State can impose "reasonable restrictions" on the right to form associations in the interests of the sovereignty and integrity of India, public order, or morality. For example, associations that promote violence, secessionism, or public disorder can be validly restricted or banned by law.
For clarity, here is how the six freedoms under Article 19(1) are distributed:
| Clause | Freedom guaranteed |
|---|---|
| 19(1)(a) | Freedom of speech and expression |
| 19(1)(b) | Freedom to assemble peaceably and without arms |
| 19(1)(c) | Freedom to form associations, unions, or co-operative societies |
| 19(1)(d) | Freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India |
| 19(1)(e) | Freedom to reside and settle in any part of India |
| 19(1)(g) | Freedom to practise any profession or carry on any occupation, trade, or business |
Since the question asks specifically about the right to form associations, unions, or co-operative societies, the correct clause is Article 19(1)(c) — not 19(1)(a) (speech), 19(1)(b) (assembly), or 19(1)(d) (movement), each of which protects a distinct freedom.
Similar Questions
According to the Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the total number of ministers (including the Prime Minister) in the Council of Ministers shall NOT exceed what percentage of the total members of the House of the People, i.e., Lok Sabha?
Which of the following Articles states about the right of individual to form associations or unions or co-operative societies?
Match the following columns
Power Meaning 1. Commutation e. Substitution of one form of punishment for a lighter one (e.g., death → life imprisonment) 2. Reprieve d. Temporary stay on the execution of a sentence (delay, not cancellation) 3. Respite b. Award of a lesser sentence in special cases (e.g., pregnancy, disability) 4. Remission c. Reducing the period of sentence without changing its nature 5. Pardon a. Completely removes bold the sentence and the conviction According to the Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the total number of ministers (including the Prime Minister) in the Council of Ministers shall NOT exceed what percentage of the total members of the House of the People, i.e., Lok Sabha?
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Pardoning Power — Function
1. Commutation
2. Reprieve
3. Respite
4. Remission
5. Pardon
a. Cancels both the sentence and the conviction
b. In special cases, reduces the sentence originally awarded
c. Reduces the duration of the sentence without changing its nature
d. Temporarily stays the execution of a sentence
e. Changes one form of punishment into a lighter oneWhich of the following Articles states about the right of individual to form associations or unions or co-operative societies?
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According to the Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the total number of ministers (including the Prime Minister) in the Council of Ministers shall NOT exceed what percentage of the total members of the House of the People, i.e., Lok Sabha?
According to the Article 75 of the Indian Constitution, the total number of ministers (including the Prime Minister) in the Council of Ministers shall NOT exceed what percentage of the total members of the House of the People, i.e., Lok Sabha?
Which of the following Articles states about the right of individual to form associations or unions or co-operative societies?
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