Arrange the following states in decreasing order of their Forest cover as a percentage of total geographical area: 1. Jharkhand 2. Chhattisgarh 3. Arunachal Pradesh 4. Madhya Pradesh
3 – 2 – 1 – 4
Analyzing the Question: Forest Cover Ranking
The question asks us to arrange four specific Indian states based on their forest cover as a percentage of their total geographical area, in decreasing order. The states are Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Arunachal Pradesh, and Madhya Pradesh.
To correctly answer this, we need to know the forest cover percentage for each of these states. This data is typically compiled and published in official reports like the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) by the Forest Survey of India (FSI).
Forest Cover Percentage Data
Let's look at the approximate forest cover percentage (based on the latest available reports like ISFR 2021) for the given states:
| State | Approximate Forest Cover (% of Geographical Area) |
|---|---|
| Arunachal Pradesh (3) | 79.33 % |
| Chhattisgarh (2) | 41.21 % |
| Jharkhand (1) | 29.76 % |
| Madhya Pradesh (4) | 25.14 % |
Arranging States in Decreasing Order
We need to arrange these states from the highest percentage of forest cover to the lowest percentage. Comparing the percentages:
- Arunachal Pradesh: 79.33 %
- Chhattisgarh: 41.21 %
- Jharkhand: 29.76 %
- Madhya Pradesh: 25.14 %
Arranging these values in decreasing order gives us:
79.33 % (\(\text{Arunachal Pradesh}\)) > 41.21 % (\(\text{Chhattisgarh}\)) > 29.76 % (\(\text{Jharkhand}\)) > 25.14 % (\(\text{Madhya Pradesh}\))
Therefore, the decreasing order of states based on forest cover percentage is:
- Arunachal Pradesh
- Chhattisgarh
- Jharkhand
- Madhya Pradesh
This corresponds to the state numbers given in the question as 3, 2, 1, and 4.
Final Decreasing Order and Option Selection
The decreasing order of the states based on their forest cover percentage is Arunachal Pradesh (3) – Chhattisgarh (2) – Jharkhand (1) – Madhya Pradesh (4).
This order matches option 1.
Revision Table: Forest Cover Percentage
| State (as per question number) | Forest Cover (% of Geographical Area) | Rank (Decreasing Order) |
|---|---|---|
| Jharkhand (1) | 29.76 % | 3 |
| Chhattisgarh (2) | 41.21 % | 2 |
| Arunachal Pradesh (3) | 79.33 % | 1 |
| Madhya Pradesh (4) | 25.14 % | 4 |
Additional Information: Importance of Forest Cover
Forest cover is a crucial environmental indicator. It refers to all lands spanning more than one hectare with tree canopy cover of more than 10 percent. This includes areas of natural forests as well as forest plantations.
High forest cover percentages are important for several reasons:
- Biodiversity Conservation: Forests are home to a vast number of plant and animal species.
- Climate Regulation: Trees absorb carbon dioxide, helping to mitigate climate change.
- Water Cycle: Forests influence rainfall patterns and help in groundwater recharge.
- Soil Conservation: Tree roots prevent soil erosion.
- Livelihoods: Many communities depend on forests for resources and income.
States like Arunachal Pradesh in the Northeast and others in the Himalayan region often have high forest cover percentages due to their geography and climatic conditions.
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