According to Coulomb's law, the electrostatic force between two fixed point charges in free space varies with distance as:
Inversely proportional to the square of distance
Coulomb's law states that the electrostatic force between two point charges is given by \(F = \dfrac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\dfrac{q_1 q_2}{r^2}\), where \(r\) is the distance between the charges.
This shows that the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
The force can be attractive or repulsive depending on the nature of the charges, and it does depend on the medium through the permittivity term, so those options do not hold.
Therefore, the electrostatic force varies as inversely proportional to the square of distance.
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