Why is the NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) mission designed to revisit the same location every 12 days?
To achieve temporal resolution for global coverage and land deformation monitoring
NISAR is a joint NASA–ISRO Earth-observation satellite (launched 30 July 2025) that flies in a sun-synchronous orbit at ~747 km with an exact 12-day repeat cycle.
The 12-day cycle is chosen for temporal resolution — i.e., to image the same patch of Earth's surface frequently enough that scientists can use repeat-pass interferometry (InSAR) to detect ground movement at the millimetre-to-centimetre scale, including from earthquakes, landslides, volcanoes, glacier flow and land subsidence.
Combined with NISAR's wide swath, the 12-day revisit also gives near-complete global land and ice coverage (effectively every 6 days when ascending and descending passes are combined).
Options A, B and C are unrelated technical distractors. Hence the answer is option D.
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