Which socio-economic condition contributed to the prolonged Mappila uprisings?
Harsh land laws and landlord oppression in the Malabar region.
The Mappila uprisings were a series of revolts by the Muslim peasantry (Mappilas) of the Malabar region against oppressive conditions in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Their root cause was agrarian: harsh land laws introduced under British rule and the exploitative tenancy system allowed the mostly upper-caste Hindu landlords (jenmis) to impose high rents and evict cultivators at will, provoking the largely tenant Mappila community.
Disruption of caravan trade, fishing bans, or taxation of pepper exports were not the driving grievances; the conflict grew out of land and landlord oppression.
Hence, the condition that fuelled the prolonged Mappila uprisings was harsh land laws and landlord oppression in the Malabar region.
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