To answer this question, we need to determine which protected area in Maharashtra is home to the historic "Taruba" lake and is also renowned for being the oldest and largest national park in the state.

Explanation and Reasoning:

• Tadoba-Andhari National Park: Located in Maharashtra, this national park is one of the oldest and largest national parks in the state. It is well-known for the Tadoba Lake, which is often referred to as "Taruba" lake in local parlance. This area is a prominent tiger reserve and rich in biodiversity.
• Silent Valley National Park: This park is situated in Kerala, not Maharashtra, and is known for its unique rainforest ecosystem.
• Nagarhole National Park: Located in Karnataka, famous for its wildlife and part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
• Bandipur National Park: Also located in Karnataka, well-known for its tiger reserve and diverse wildlife.

Based on the above analysis, the correct answer is:

Tadoba-Andhari National Park

Conclusion: The historic "Taruba" lake is located in Tadoba-Andhari National Park, which is the oldest and largest national park in Maharashtra.