Which one of the following works was composed by Krishnadevaraya on statecraft in Telugu?
Amuktamalyada
Understanding Krishnadevaraya's Telugu Works on Statecraft
The question asks us to identify a specific work composed by Krishnadevaraya that is written in Telugu and deals with the subject of statecraft. Krishnadevaraya, the famous ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire, was not only a great administrator and warrior but also a prolific writer and a patron of literature, particularly in Telugu.
Analyzing the Options
Let's examine the given options to determine which one fits the description:
- Amuktamalyada: This is a major poetic work attributed to Krishnadevaraya. It is written in Telugu. The theme is centered around the story of Andal (Godadevi), an Alwar saint, and her devotion to Lord Vishnu. However, interwoven within the narrative are discussions and principles of statecraft, governance, and the duties of a king. Many scholars consider it a treatise on Vaishnavism combined with insights into effective kingship.
- Jambavati Kalyanam: This is a Sanskrit play composed by Krishnadevaraya. It narrates the story of Lord Krishna's marriage to Jambavati. Since the question specifically asks for a work in Telugu, this option is incorrect.
- Rayavachakamu: This is a historical work that describes the Vijayanagara Empire, particularly focusing on Krishnadevaraya's reign. However, it is not a work composed by Krishnadevaraya himself. It was written by a person (possibly a courtier) who documented the events and policies of the time.
- Satyavadu Parinaya: This option seems to contain a typographical error. A known work related to Krishnadevaraya is 'Satyabhama Parinayamu', written by Allasani Peddana, one of the Ashtadiggajas (eight poets) in Krishnadevaraya's court. Krishnadevaraya himself also composed a work titled 'Satyavadu Parinayamu' in Telugu according to some sources, which recounts the marriage of Satyabhama. While it's a Telugu work by him, its primary subject is not statecraft.
Identifying the Correct Work
Based on the analysis, the work by Krishnadevaraya that is in Telugu and contains significant portions discussing statecraft is Amuktamalyada. Although it is primarily a devotional poem, its inclusion of administrative and political advice makes it qualify as a work on statecraft.
| Work | Attributed Author | Language | Primary Subject | Contains Statecraft? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amuktamalyada | Krishnadevaraya | Telugu | Devotion (Andal's story) | Yes (interwoven) |
| Jambavati Kalyanam | Krishnadevaraya | Sanskrit | Play (Krishna's marriage) | Limited/No |
| Rayavachakamu | Not Krishnadevaraya | Telugu/Prose Chronicle | History of Vijayanagara | Describes statecraft (not composed by king) |
| Satyavadu Parinaya (assuming Satyabhama Parinayamu) | Krishnadevaraya (or Allasani Peddana) | Telugu | Story (Satyabhama's marriage) | Limited/No |
Therefore, the correct answer is Amuktamalyada.
Revision Table: Key Works by Krishnadevaraya
Reviewing the significant literary contributions of Krishnadevaraya is important for understanding his era.
- Amuktamalyada: Telugu epic poem, devotional with statecraft elements. Considered his magnum opus in Telugu.
- Jambavati Kalyanam: Sanskrit play.
- Other potential Sanskrit works include Usha Parinayam and Madalasa Charitam (though authorship is debated for some).
Additional Information: Krishnadevaraya and Telugu Literature
Krishnadevaraya's reign (1509–1529 CE) is considered a golden age of Telugu literature. He himself was an accomplished poet. His court was adorned by the Ashtadiggajas, the eight famous poets who significantly contributed to Telugu literature. His patronage led to a flourishing of poetry, drama, and other forms of literature, making Telugu language and literature prominent in the Vijayanagara court.
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