Which one of the following is electoral college for the President but not forum for his impeachment ?
State Legislative Assemblies
State Legislative Assemblies — option 2. Their elected members vote in the presidential election, but impeachment is a matter for Parliament alone.
The electoral college, under Article 54. It consists of :
| Who votes | In the election ? | In impeachment ? |
|---|---|---|
| Elected members of the Lok Sabha | Yes | Yes |
| Elected members of the Rajya Sabha | Yes | Yes |
| Elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies, and of Delhi and Puducherry | Yes | No |
| Members of State Legislative Councils | No | No |
| Nominated members of either House | No | Yes — they may vote on the impeachment resolution |
Impeachment, under Article 61. The President may be removed only for violation of the Constitution. The charge may be preferred by either House, must be signed by at least one-fourth of the total members of that House, requires fourteen days’ notice, and must be passed by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the total membership of that House. The other House then investigates the charge, and the President has the right to appear and be represented. If that House also passes the resolution by a two-thirds majority of its total membership, the President is removed from the date of the resolution.
The point of the contrast. Nowhere in Article 61 do the states appear. The President is elected by a college that includes the states, in recognition of the federal character of the office, but is answerable for a breach of the Constitution only to the Union Parliament — a deliberate asymmetry.
Why option 1 fails. Members of State Legislative Councils vote in neither: they are excluded from the electoral college because the Council is not a directly elected body, and from impeachment along with all state legislatures.
Hence, the answer is State Legislative Assemblies.
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