What is the object of “cut motion” in Parliament ?
To move a proposal to reduce expenditure in the budget proposals
A cut motion is a proposal to reduce the amount of a demand for grant in the budget — option 1.
Where it fits in the budget process. After the general discussion on the budget, the Lok Sabha takes up the demands for grants of each ministry one by one. Only the Lok Sabha votes on them, and only a member of the opposition, in practice, moves a cut motion. The motion is a device to force a debate on a particular ministry’s working, and members of the Rajya Sabha have no part in it.
| Type | Amount proposed | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Policy cut | Reduce the demand to ₹ 1 | Total disapproval of the policy underlying the demand |
| Economy cut | Reduce by a specified sum | To effect an economy in the expenditure proposed |
| Token cut | Reduce by ₹ 100 | To air a specific grievance within the sphere of the Government of India |
Why it always reduces. Under Article 113, the Lok Sabha may assent to a demand, refuse it, or assent subject to a reduction of the amount — but it cannot increase it. Only the government, on the recommendation of the President, may propose expenditure. That is exactly why the instrument is called a cut motion, and why option 1, which speaks of reducing expenditure, is the correct description.
Why the other options fail. They speak vaguely of “restricting” expenditure or grants in general. A cut motion does not restrict day-to-day spending, and it does not bar drawing on the Consolidated Fund; it proposes a reduction in a specific demand placed before the House.
The political weight. If a cut motion is carried, it amounts to a vote of no confidence, since a government that cannot get its demands through the House must resign. In practice they are almost never carried, and their real function is to compel discussion.
Hence, the answer is to move a proposal to reduce expenditure in the budget proposals.
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