Which of the following states in India, during October to December, receive rainfall due to Northeast monsoon?
Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh
Understanding the Northeast Monsoon in India
The Northeast monsoon, also known as the winter monsoon, plays a significant role in the rainfall patterns of certain parts of India, particularly during the months of October to December. While the Southwest monsoon brings widespread rainfall across most of the country from June to September, the Northeast monsoon affects different regions.
During the Northeast monsoon season, winds blow from the northeast direction over India. For most parts of the country, these are offshore winds, meaning they blow from land towards the sea, carrying very little moisture and hence causing dry weather. However, when these winds blow over the Bay of Bengal, they pick up moisture.
These moisture-laden winds then blow towards the southeastern coast of India, bringing rainfall to this region during the autumn and early winter months (October to December).
States Receiving Northeast Monsoon Rainfall
The primary states that receive rainfall from the Northeast monsoon are located along the southeastern coast. Let's analyze the provided options:
- Option 1: Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh
- Option 2: Punjab, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh
- Option 3: Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka
- Option 4: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and West Bengal
Based on the understanding of the Northeast monsoon:
- Tamil Nadu: This state receives the bulk of its annual rainfall from the Northeast monsoon. The moisture picked up from the Bay of Bengal is crucial for its agriculture and water resources.
- Coastal Andhra Pradesh: Parts of coastal Andhra Pradesh also receive significant rainfall from this monsoon system.
- Kerala: While Kerala receives heavy rainfall from the Southwest monsoon, the southern parts of Kerala also receive some amount of rainfall from the Northeast monsoon, though generally less than Tamil Nadu.
The states listed in Option 2 (Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh), Option 3 (Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka - Karnataka receives some but MP doesn't significant), and Option 4 (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal) primarily receive rainfall from the Southwest monsoon and/or Western Disturbances during winter, not significantly from the Northeast monsoon.
Therefore, the states that predominantly receive rainfall during October to December due to the Northeast monsoon include Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Andhra Pradesh.
| Monsoon Type | Period | Key Affected Regions (Northeast Monsoon) |
|---|---|---|
| Southwest Monsoon | June to September | Most parts of India |
| Northeast Monsoon | October to December | Tamil Nadu, Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Southern Kerala |
Conclusion
Considering the rainfall patterns influenced by the Northeast monsoon from October to December, the states listed in the correct option are indeed the ones that benefit from this weather system.
Revision Table: Northeast Monsoon Focus
| Aspect | Description |
|---|---|
| Season | Post-monsoon / Early winter |
| Months | October, November, December |
| Wind Direction | From land (Northeast) towards the sea |
| Source of Moisture | Bay of Bengal (when blowing over it) |
| Primary Rainfall Regions | Southeastern peninsular India (Tamil Nadu, Coastal Andhra Pradesh, Southern Kerala) |
Additional Information on Indian Monsoons
India's climate is heavily influenced by monsoon winds. The two major monsoon systems are:
- Southwest Monsoon: This is the primary rainy season for most of India, occurring from June to September. Winds blow from the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal towards the land, carrying vast amounts of moisture.
- Northeast Monsoon: Occurs from October to December. It is less significant for most of the country but vital for the southeastern coastal areas, particularly Tamil Nadu. It is often associated with cyclonic activity in the Bay of Bengal during the transition period.
Understanding the direction of winds and the geography of the Indian subcontinent is key to knowing which regions receive rainfall during different monsoon seasons.
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