Understanding the North-East Monsoon Rainfall

The question asks about Indian states receiving rainfall during the months of October and November, specifically due to the North-East monsoon. This monsoon season is also commonly referred to as the retreating monsoon season.

The North-East monsoon occurs roughly between October and December. During this period, the atmospheric conditions change, and winds start blowing from the landmass towards the seas. Initially, these winds are dry. However, as they move from the north-east direction across the Bay of Bengal, they pick up moisture. This moisture-laden wind then causes rainfall, primarily affecting the southeastern parts of India.

Analyzing Indian States and North-East Monsoon Impact

Let's examine the impact of the North-East monsoon on the states mentioned in the options:

• Uttar Pradesh: Located in the northern plains of India, Uttar Pradesh primarily receives its rainfall from the South-West monsoon during the summer months (June to September). It does not receive significant rainfall from the North-East monsoon.
• Maharashtra: Situated on the western coast of India, Maharashtra predominantly gets its rainfall from the South-West monsoon. While some post-monsoon showers might occur, the major rainfall during October-November due to the North-East monsoon is not characteristic of this state.
• Madhya Pradesh: Located in central India, Madhya Pradesh also relies heavily on the South-West monsoon for its rainfall. The North-East monsoon has minimal impact here.
• Tamil Nadu: This state, located on the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula, is the principal region that receives substantial rainfall from the North-East monsoon. The moisture-laden winds blowing from the Bay of Bengal cause heavy showers in Tamil Nadu during October and November.

Tamil Nadu's Rainfall During October-November

The North-East monsoon winds are crucial for Tamil Nadu's annual rainfall. As these winds travel over the warm waters of the Bay of Bengal during autumn, they gather significant moisture. When they strike the eastern coastal regions, especially the Eastern Ghats and the plains of Tamil Nadu, they release this moisture as rain. Therefore, October and November are typically the rainiest months for Tamil Nadu, marking the peak of the North-East monsoon season.