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Question

Which of the following features distinguishes the Elephanta Caves from other rock-cut sites of early India?

This question was previously asked in
SSC CGL 2025 Tier 2 Paper 1 Question Paper (19-Jan-2026)
The correct answer is

The caves focus on Shaivite themes and feature sculptural depth through light and shadow.

The Elephanta Caves, on Gharapuri island near Mumbai, are a UNESCO World Heritage Site dedicated primarily to Lord Shiva and dating to the 5th–8th centuries CE.

What sets them apart is their distinctly Shaivite iconography — the iconic three-headed Trimurti Sadashiva, Nataraja, Yogishvara, Ardhanarishvara, Kalyanasundara — and the masterful use of light and shadow through deep relief sculpting and the placement of fluted columns, which gives the carvings a striking three-dimensional quality.

The other options are incorrect: the caves are Hindu (not primarily Buddhist), they are not a Jain–Vaishnavite mix, and they are post-Mauryan rock-cut excavations attributed to dynasties such as the Kalachuris.

Hence, the correct answer is option B.

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