Which of the following elements is more electronegative?
Cl
The correct answer is: Cl (Chlorine).
Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond. Across a period, electronegativity increases from left to right as the nuclear charge grows and atomic radius contracts.
Among the four options — S, P, Al, and Cl — all belong to the third period. Their positions from left to right are: Al (Group 13) < P (Group 15) < S (Group 16) < Cl (Group 17). Chlorine, sitting furthest right just before the noble gases, has the highest effective nuclear pull on shared electrons.
On the Pauling scale, chlorine's electronegativity is 3.16, higher than S (2.58), P (2.19), and Al (1.61).
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