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Question

Which of the following conditions is/are in favour of the formation of coals ?

A. Warm and humid climate
B. Marine environment
C. Cold climate
D. heavy rainfall

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
A and D only

Coal Formation Conditions Explained

Coal forms from the decomposition of dead plant matter buried under layers of sediment over millions of years. This process requires specific environmental conditions.

Favorable Conditions for Coal Genesis

Let's analyze the conditions favoring coal formation:
  • A. Warm and humid climate: This climate supports dense vegetation growth, leading to a large supply of organic plant material necessary for coal formation.
  • B. Marine environment: While coal beds can be found near marine deposits, the primary formation environment is typically terrestrial freshwater swamps. This is not a direct favouring condition for the initial organic matter accumulation.
  • C. Cold climate: Cold climates generally limit plant growth, reducing the amount of organic matter available for coal formation.
  • D. Heavy rainfall: Heavy rainfall is crucial for creating and maintaining waterlogged, swampy conditions. These anaerobic (low oxygen) environments prevent the complete decay of plant matter, allowing it to accumulate as peat, the precursor to coal.

Conclusion on Coal Formation Factors

Based on the analysis, the conditions most favorable for the initial stages of coal formation are:
  • A warm and humid climate (A) to promote plant growth.
  • Heavy rainfall (D) to create the necessary swampy, anaerobic conditions for peat accumulation.
Therefore, conditions A and D are key factors.
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