Which Mughal emperor strengthened imperial authority by introducing the Mansabdari system and a centralized bureaucracy?
Akbar
Akbar introduced the Mansabdari system to organise the Mughal nobility and military into a graded ranking structure.
Under this system every officer, or mansabdar, was assigned a rank (mansab) expressed in terms of zat and sawar, which fixed his status, salary and the number of troops he had to maintain.
This created a disciplined, centrally controlled bureaucracy that strengthened imperial authority and linked the nobility directly to the emperor.
Hence, the emperor who introduced the Mansabdari system was Akbar.
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