What is the contribution of agriculture in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Bihar ?
19%
This question was deleted by BPSC in the final answer key for Set G, so no official answer exists for it. The reason is easy to see: the question fixes no year and no definition, and the answer swings widely depending on both. On the most commonly quoted basis — agriculture and allied activities in Bihar’s Gross State Value Added in recent years — the figure closest to the truth among the options is about 19 per cent, option 1, and that is the answer given here.
Why the question is ambiguous. Three different quantities could all be called “the contribution of agriculture” :
| Measure | Roughly |
|---|---|
| Crop agriculture alone, share of GSVA | Around 15 to 17 per cent |
| Agriculture and allied activities — crops, livestock, forestry, fishing | Around 19 to 21 per cent |
| The whole primary sector, including mining | A little higher again |
Add to this that the share falls year by year as the service sector grows, that current and constant prices give different numbers, and that the question says “GDP” where a state’s output is properly GSDP, and there is no single defensible figure. That is presumably why the Commission dropped it.
What is not in doubt. Agriculture’s share of Bihar’s output is under a quarter, but it supports well over half the state’s workforce — the widest such gap of any large Indian state. Bihar has fertile alluvial soil, plentiful groundwater and the highest agricultural population density in the country, yet low farm productivity, tiny and fragmented holdings, recurrent flooding in the north and drought in the south, and very little agro-processing. The state’s Agriculture Road Map, running in successive phases since 2008, was framed to address exactly this.
For the examination, remember the structure rather than a single number: services now account for the largest share of Bihar’s output, followed by industry, with agriculture the smallest of the three despite employing the most people.
Hence, the best available answer is 19%, with the caveat that BPSC deleted the question.
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