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Question

For the following two (02) items : Let $A = \begin{vmatrix} \cos\theta & \sin\theta \\ -\sin\theta & \cos\theta \end{vmatrix}$

What is \([\text{adj } A]^{-1}\) equal to?

This question was previously asked in
NDA 2 2025 GAT Question Paper (14-Sep-2025)
The correct answer is

To solve the question, we need to find the expression for the inverse of the adjugate of a matrix \(A\). The matrix \(A\) given in the problem is:

\(A = \begin{vmatrix} \cos\theta & \sin\theta \\ -\sin\theta & \cos\theta \end{vmatrix}\)

Firstly, recall the property of the inverse of the adjugate of a matrix. For a non-singular matrix \(A\):

  • The adjugate of \(A\), denoted as \(\text{adj } A\), and the inverse relation is: \([\text{adj } A]^{-1} = A / \det(A)\)

For a 2x2 matrix \(A = \begin{vmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{vmatrix}\), the determinant is calculated as:

  • \(\det(A) = ad - bc\)

In our case, let's calculate the determinant:

  • \(\det(A) = (\cos\theta)(\cos\theta) - (-\sin\theta)(\sin\theta)\)
  • \(\det(A) = \cos^2\theta + \sin^2\theta = 1\) (using \(\cos^2\theta + \sin^2\theta = 1\))

Since the determinant \(\det(A) = 1\), it implies for the inverse relationship:

  • \([\text{adj } A]^{-1} = A\)

Thus, the correct answer is A.

Let's examine why other options are incorrect:

  • -A: This is incorrect because \([\text{adj } A]^{-1} = A\) when \(\det(A) = 1\).
  • -\(A^T\): This option does not relate to the properties of the inverse of the adjugate for unitary matrices.
  • \(A^T\): This is incorrect because the inverse is the matrix itself due to \(\det(A) = 1\).

In summary, the matrix \(A\) is essentially a rotation matrix, which is orthogonal, and thus its determinant is 1. Therefore, \([\text{adj } A]^{-1} = A\), confirming the correct answer.

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