The Right to Property in India has undergone significant changes in its constitutional classification.
Initially, the Right to Property was enshrined as a Fundamental Right under the Constitution of India. It was guaranteed under two articles:
The 44th Amendment Act, 1978, made a crucial change:
This means the right to property is now protected by law, but it does not possess the same sacrosanct status or enforceability mechanism (like moving the High Courts under Article 226 or Supreme Court under Article 32) as Fundamental Rights.
Therefore, the Right to Property in India is currently classified as a Legal Right.
Match List - I with List - II.
| List - I Key term | List - II Explanation | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| A. | Appreciation | I. | This occurs when a currency increases in value relative to other currencies under a floating exchange rate system. |
| B. | Devaluation | II. | This occurs when the value of a currency in a fixed exchange rate is officially and deliberately reduced. |
| C. | Depreciation | III. | This occurs when a currency falls in value relative to other currencies under a floating exchange rate system. |
| D. | Revaluation | IV. | This occurs when the price of a currency operating in a fixed exchange rate system is officially and deliberately increased. |
Morgenthau's principles of political realism are:
A. Politics is rooted in permanent and unchanging human nature which is basically self centred, self-regarding and self-interested
B. Politics is an autonomous sphere of action and cannot therefore be reduced to morals
C. International Politics is an arena of conflicting self-interests
D. The ethics of international relations is situational ethics which is very different from private morality
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Who among the following political thinkers consider the anarchical self help system to be a compelling factor for States to maximise their relative power positions?