The concept of Austin’s sovereignty is influenced by :
Hobbes
Austin defined law as the command of a sovereign, the sovereign being a determinate human superior who receives habitual obedience from the bulk of a society and is not in the habit of obeying any other superior.
This picture of an unlimited, indivisible and legally illimitable sovereign draws directly on Thomas Hobbes, whose Leviathan (1651) placed absolute power in a sovereign created by the social contract, and on Bentham, Austin’s teacher.
Aquinas grounded law in divine and natural reason, Locke favoured a limited government holding power in trust for the people, and Rousseau located sovereignty in the general will of the people, so none of them supplies Austin’s model of a determinate sovereign.
So Austin’s concept of sovereignty is influenced by Hobbes.
Hence, Hobbes.
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