'A law is a general rule of human action, taking cognizance only of external acts, enforced by a determinate authority'. Who said this ?
Holland
The classical definition of law as 'a general rule of external human action enforced by a determinate authority' is attributed to Sir Thomas Erskine Holland in his celebrated work 'The Elements of Jurisprudence' (1880). Holland belongs to the analytical school and drew heavily on Austin's command theory, but he refined it by emphasising the general character of legal rules and their concern only with external conduct, not thoughts or motives. He also insisted on enforcement by a determinate political authority, which distinguishes law from morality and custom. Holland's definition, therefore, encapsulates the positivist emphasis on generality, externality and sovereign enforcement.
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