Question
The buffer capacity is:
This question was previously asked in
CUET PG 2026 Agri-Business Management Question Paper (25-Mar-2026) (Shift 2)
The correct answer is
the ability of a buffer solution to resist a change in pH on the addition of strong acid or strong alkali.
Buffer capacity refers to the ability of a buffer solution to resist changes in its pH value upon the addition of an acid or a base. Buffers are crucial in maintaining the pH level of biological and chemical systems within a narrow range, which is essential for processes that are sensitive to pH fluctuations.
The correct option provided is: the ability of a buffer solution to resist a change in pH on the addition of strong acid or strong alkali.
Let's examine why this option is correct:
- A buffer solution usually consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. This composition helps the solution maintain its pH level even when a strong acid (like HCl) or a strong base (like NaOH) is added.
- The buffer works because the weak acid/base is able to neutralize small amounts of added acid or base, thus minimizing pH changes.
Let's also consider why the other options are incorrect:
- The second option suggests resistance to weak acid or strong alkali. While buffers can handle weak acids/bases, they are specifically designed to neutralize strong acids and bases, making this option incomplete.
- The third option mentions resistance to strong acid and weak alkali. This doesn't fully describe typical buffer behavior as both strong acids and bases are considerations.
- The fourth option mentions resistance to weak acid or weak alkali. This scenario is less relevant in practical applications since buffers are not primarily designed for weak acid/base additions due to the limited impact on pH.
Therefore, the main function of a buffer is best described by its resistance to changes in pH when strong acids or strong bases are introduced.
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