The Andes extends along which of the following ?
West Coast of South America
The Andes run down the western side of South America — option 4.
| Detail | Fact |
|---|---|
| Length | About 7,000 km — the longest continental mountain range in the world |
| Countries | Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Argentina |
| Highest peak | Aconcagua, 6,961 m, in Argentina — the highest point outside Asia |
| Type | Young fold mountains, still rising and seismically very active |
How they were formed. The Andes are the classic example of an oceanic-continental convergent margin. The Nazca Plate is being pushed beneath the South American Plate, and the subduction both crumples the continental edge upward and feeds a chain of volcanoes as the descending plate melts. The same process gives the region its earthquakes — the Chilean earthquake of 1960, at magnitude 9·5, remains the strongest ever recorded — and produces the offshore Peru-Chile trench.
Why the other options are wrong, and what does lie there.
| Location | Range that lies there |
|---|---|
| West coast of India | The Western Ghats, a block-faulted escarpment, not a fold range |
| West coast of North America | The Rockies, the Sierra Nevada and the Coast Ranges — the Rockies lie inland and belong to a different orogeny |
| East coast of Australia | The Great Dividing Range, an old, worn range |
What the Andes give the continent. They hold the Altiplano, the world’s second highest plateau; Lake Titicaca, the highest navigable lake; the sources of the Amazon; the copper deposits of Chile and Peru that supply much of the world; and the Atacama desert, which lies in their rain shadow and is among the driest places on Earth.
Hence, the answer is the West Coast of South America.
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