Average height of snow-line in Uttarakhand Pradesh is
4500 m
This question was deleted by BPSC in the final answer key for Set J. The snow line is not a fixed height but a seasonal boundary that shifts by more than a thousand metres between summer and winter and differs sharply between the outer and inner ranges, so no single figure can be defended for a whole state. The figure most often quoted for the Kumaon and Garhwal Himalaya is about 4,500 metres, option 4, and that is the answer given here.
What the snow line is. It is the lower limit of permanent snow — the altitude above which snow does not melt away entirely even at the end of the warm season. It depends on temperature, which falls with height, and on precipitation, which supplies the snow.
| Region | Approximate permanent snow line |
|---|---|
| Western Himalaya — Kashmir, Himachal, Uttarakhand | About 4,500 to 5,500 m |
| Eastern Himalaya — Sikkim, Arunachal | Lower, about 4,000 m |
| Equatorial mountains, such as the Andes near the equator | Around 5,000 m or higher |
| Polar regions | Sea level |
Why the eastern Himalaya has a lower snow line than the western, although it is warmer and nearer the equator: it receives far heavier precipitation from the Bay of Bengal branch of the monsoon, and the more snow that falls, the lower the level at which some of it survives the summer. Precipitation, not temperature alone, decides the line — which is exactly why questions of this kind are unsafe unless the region and season are specified.
Why it matters. The snow line marks the lower limit of glaciers, and its steady rise is one of the clearest local signals of a warming climate: the Gangotri and other Himalayan glaciers have retreated substantially, with consequences for the dry-season flow of the Ganga and the Yamuna, both of which rise in Uttarakhand.
Hence, the best available answer is 4500 m, with the caveat that BPSC deleted the question.
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