The price of fuel decreases by 40%, 15% and 45% in three successive months, but increases by 70% in the fourth month. What is the percentage increase/decrease in the price of fuel in the fourth month as compared to its original price? (Round off your answer to two decimal places)
Decreases by 52.32%
Let the original price be \(100\). Apply each successive change as a multiplying factor.
A decrease of 40% multiplies by \(\dfrac{60}{100}=0.60\); a decrease of 15% multiplies by \(\dfrac{85}{100}=0.85\); a decrease of 45% multiplies by \(\dfrac{55}{100}=0.55\); an increase of 70% multiplies by \(\dfrac{170}{100}=1.70\).
Final price \(= 100 \times 0.60 \times 0.85 \times 0.55 \times 1.70\).
\(= 100 \times 0.47685 = 47.685\).
Change from the original \(= 100 - 47.685 = 52.315\), a decrease of about \(52.32\%\).
Hence, the price decreases by 52.32%.
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