Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series.
HDMS, OVVI, VNEY, CFNO, ?

Question

Select the letter-cluster from among the given options that can replace the question mark (?) in the following series.HDMS, OVVI, VNEY, CFNO, ?

Prepp Team · Accepted Answer

Solving the Letter Series Pattern

This question asks us to find the next term in the given letter series: HDMS, OVVI, VNEY, CFNO, ?. To solve this, we need to identify the pattern governing the change in letters from one term to the next in the series. Letter series questions often involve patterns based on the alphabetical position of the letters.

Analyzing the Letter Series Step-by-Step

Let's examine the change in each letter position across the series. We will use the alphabetical position of each letter (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26).

First Letter Pattern

Let's look at the first letters: H, O, V, C, ?

H is the 8th letter.
O is the 15th letter. The difference is $15 - 8 = 7$. This can be seen as H $\xrightarrow{+7}$ O.
V is the 22nd letter. The difference is $22 - 15 = 7$. This can be seen as O $\xrightarrow{+7}$ V.
C is the 3rd letter. The difference is $3 - 22 = -19$. However, in alphabetical series, patterns often wrap around. Going forward from V: $22 + 7 = 29$. Since there are 26 letters, $29 - 26 = 3$, which is C. This confirms a $+7$ pattern with wrap-around. This can be seen as V $\xrightarrow{+7}$ C.
Following the pattern, the next first letter should be C $\xrightarrow{+7}$ ?. C is the 3rd letter. $3 + 7 = 10$. The 10th letter is J.

The first letter of the next term is J.

Second Letter Pattern

Let's look at the second letters: D, V, N, F, ?

D is the 4th letter.
V is the 22nd letter. Going backward from D: $4 - 8 = -4$. Wrapping around: $-4 + 26 = 22$, which is V. This suggests a $-8$ pattern with wrap-around. This can be seen as D $\xrightarrow{-8}$ V.
N is the 14th letter. Going backward from V: $22 - 8 = 14$, which is N. This confirms a $-8$ pattern. This can be seen as V $\xrightarrow{-8}$ N.
F is the 6th letter. Going backward from N: $14 - 8 = 6$, which is F. This confirms a $-8$ pattern. This can be seen as N $\xrightarrow{-8}$ F.
Following the pattern, the next second letter should be F $\xrightarrow{-8}$ ?. F is the 6th letter. $6 - 8 = -2$. Wrapping around: $-2 + 26 = 24$. The 24th letter is X.

The second letter of the next term is X.

Third Letter Pattern

Let's look at the third letters: M, V, E, N, ?

M is the 13th letter.
V is the 22nd letter. The difference is $22 - 13 = 9$. This can be seen as M $\xrightarrow{+9}$ V.
E is the 5th letter. Going forward from V: $22 + 9 = 31$. Wrapping around: $31 - 26 = 5$, which is E. This confirms a $+9$ pattern with wrap-around. This can be seen as V $\xrightarrow{+9}$ E.
N is the 14th letter. Going forward from E: $5 + 9 = 14$, which is N. This confirms a $+9$ pattern. This can be seen as E $\xrightarrow{+9}$ N.
Following the pattern, the next third letter should be N $\xrightarrow{+9}$ ?. N is the 14th letter. $14 + 9 = 23$. The 23rd letter is W.

The third letter of the next term is W.

Fourth Letter Pattern

Let's look at the fourth letters: S, I, Y, O, ?

S is the 19th letter.
I is the 9th letter. Going backward from S: $19 - 10 = 9$, which is I. This suggests a $-10$ pattern. This can be seen as S $\xrightarrow{-10}$ I.
Y is the 25th letter. Going backward from I: $9 - 10 = -1$. Wrapping around: $-1 + 26 = 25$, which is Y. This confirms a $-10$ pattern with wrap-around. This can be seen as I $\xrightarrow{-10}$ Y.
O is the 15th letter. Going backward from Y: $25 - 10 = 15$, which is O. This confirms a $-10$ pattern. This can be seen as Y $\xrightarrow{-10}$ O.
Following the pattern, the next fourth letter should be O $\xrightarrow{-10}$ ?. O is the 15th letter. $15 - 10 = 5$. The 5th letter is E.

The fourth letter of the next term is E.

Combining the Letters

By combining the letters found for each position, we get the next term in the series:

First letter: J
Second letter: X
Third letter: W
Fourth letter: E

The next term in the series is JXWE.

Comparing with Options

Let's compare our result with the given options:

JXXF
JXWE
JYWF
KXWE

Our calculated term JXWE matches option 2.

Revision Table: Letter Series Analysis

Term	1st Letter	2nd Letter	3rd Letter	4th Letter
HDMS	H (8)	D (4)	M (13)	S (19)
OVVI	O (15) ($+7$)	V (22) ($-8$)	V (22) ($+9$)	I (9) ($-10$)
VNEY	V (22) ($+7$)	N (14) ($-8$)	E (5) ($+9$)	Y (25) ($-10$)
CFNO	C (3) ($+7$)	F (6) ($-8$)	N (14) ($+9$)	O (15) ($-10$)
?	J (10) ($+7$)	X (24) ($-8$)	W (23) ($+9$)	E (5) ($-10$)

Additional Information on Letter Series Questions

Letter series questions are common in logical reasoning sections of various competitive exams. They test your ability to identify patterns based on alphabetical order, sequence of letters, or mathematical operations applied to letter positions.

Common Patterns: Patterns can involve adding or subtracting a constant number, adding or subtracting an increasing or decreasing number, or even patterns based on vowels/consonants or reverse alphabetical order.
Alphabetical Position: Assigning a numerical value (1-26) to each letter is a key step in solving many letter series problems.
Wrap-around: Remember that the alphabet wraps around. Going past Z ($26$) loops back to A ($1$), and going before A ($1$) loops back to Z ($26$).
Practice: Solving various types of letter series problems helps in quickly recognizing common patterns and improving problem-solving speed.

Prepp Team · Answer

JXXF

Prepp Team · Answer

JYWF

Prepp Team · Answer

KXWE